Resin curing monitoring method for steel epoxy sleeves using circumferential SH guided waves

IF 4.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Ndt & E International Pub Date : 2025-02-14 DOI:10.1016/j.ndteint.2025.103356

Gaofeng Ma, Xiaokang Yin, Hongyuan Zhang, Yusheng Zhao, Longhui Ma, Ziheng Zhang, Xin'an Yuan, Wei Li

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Abstract

Steel Epoxy Sleeves (SES) have been widely used for damage repair in oil and gas pipelines. During the resin injection process, accurate assessment of resin curing helps to determine the injection speed and the vacuum duration, thereby avoiding the formation of defects (such as bubbles and cavities) within the resin layer. In this paper, a resin curing monitoring method using Circumferential Shear Horizontal (CSH) guided waves is proposed. This method accurately assesses the resin's curing state by integrating the attenuation of the direct waves of CSH0 mode and the variation characteristics of the Reflected Waves from the Second Interface (RWSI). Periodic Permanent Magnet Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducers (PPM EMAT) were used to generate the CSH0 mode guided waves, and a monitoring experiment was conducted on the fabricated SES specimens for 11.5h. Three stages corresponding to the sol state, gel state, and glass state of the resin were characterized by the attenuation of CSH0 Wave. Additionally, RWSI emerged after 8h of curing, with both its amplitude and frequency gradually increasing, while its arrival time progressively advanced. The changes in RWSI facilitate a more detailed assessment of resin curing during the glassy state.

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来源期刊

Ndt & E International 工程技术-材料科学：表征与测试

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

9.50%

发文量

121

审稿时长

55 days

期刊介绍： NDT&E international publishes peer-reviewed results of original research and development in all categories of the fields of nondestructive testing and evaluation including ultrasonics, electromagnetics, radiography, optical and thermal methods. In addition to traditional NDE topics, the emerging technology area of inspection of civil structures and materials is also emphasized. The journal publishes original papers on research and development of new inspection techniques and methods, as well as on novel and innovative applications of established methods. Papers on NDE sensors and their applications both for inspection and process control, as well as papers describing novel NDE systems for structural health monitoring and their performance in industrial settings are also considered. Other regular features include international news, new equipment and a calendar of forthcoming worldwide meetings. This journal is listed in Current Contents.