Paving the way towards green contaminant analysis: Strategies and considerations for sustainable analytical chemistry

Abstract

Contaminant analysis is essential for protecting environmental integrity, ensuring food safety, and safeguarding public health. However, traditional analytical methodologies, while robust and precise, often rely on resource-intensive practices that pose significant environmental challenges. This review delves into strategies for transitioning towards greener contaminant analysis, focusing on the integration of sustainable practices without compromising analytical performance. It discusses the application of green chemistry principles and white analytical methods, emphasizing their role in addressing the growing need for eco-friendly approaches in analytical chemistry. Key strategies for greener contaminant analysis are explored in depth, including: (1) in situ measurements, (2) green solvents, (3) miniaturization and automation, (4) advanced materials, (5) greenness in chromatography, (6) energy consumption, and (7) waste management and circular economy. Additionally, recent case studies are highlighted to showcase the practical implementation of these strategies in real-world scenarios. As the emergence and study of contaminants continue to gain prominence in analytical chemistry, the shift towards more sustainable analytical techniques becomes increasingly critical. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current trends, strategies, and future perspectives driving the development of greener methodologies in contaminant analysis.