Thermal-durable electrolytes towards ultrawide-temperature lithium-ion batteries with high-voltage layered oxide cathodes: Failure mechanisms and stability countermeasures

Abstract

The increasing demand for electric vehicles and grid energy storage has intensified interest in high-energy lithium-ion batteries (HE-LIBs) that perform reliably at elevated temperatures, particularly above 55 °C. However, advanced cathode materials, such as layered transition-metal oxides (LTMOs), often suffer from instability, as conventional electrolytes degrade and trigger undesirable interphasial reactions at these temperatures. To address this issue, developing thermal-durable and oxidation-resistant electrolytes is essential. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the degradation mechanisms of electrolytes in high-temperature LTMO-based LIBs. Key electrolyte design strategies to mitigate these issues and enhance LTMO performance in high-temperature environments are discussed. Moreover, current challenges and proposed future research directions in developing high-performance electrolytes compatible with LTMOs are outlined. The insights presented here help to guide the development of superior electrolytes that can sustain high-temperature operations, ultimately improving the reliability, safety, and lifespan of HE-LIBs in harsh and demanding environments.