Seroprevalence of Typhoid Fever and Its Associated Risk Factors Among Clinically Diagnosed Febrile Patients Visiting the Outpatient Department at Debark Hospital and Drug Susceptibility Patterns of Isolates.

IF 2.6 3区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
BioMed Research International Pub Date : 2025-02-01 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1155/bmri/1717780
Atsede Muleta, Naod Meseret
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Typhoid fever is caused by the bacterium Salmonella Typhi, which poses major health problems in developing countries, including Ethiopia. However, there is limited information regarding typhoid fever, contributing factors with it, and its drug susceptibility pattern in the research area. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of typhoid fever and its associated risk factors among clinically diagnosed febrile patients at Debark Hospital and evaluate the drug susceptibility patterns of the isolates. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 158 febrile patients from December 2022 to April 2023. Blood and stool samples were collected from each febrile patient. The Widal test was used to test Salmonella Typhi O and H antigens sera from blood, and bacteria were cultured from the stool. Gram staining and biochemical analyses were carried out for each isolate. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed for the isolates using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion techniques. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used for analysis. In this study, the seroprevalence of typhoid fever among febrile patients at Debark Hospital was 22.8%. Gender (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.02, 0.31, p ≤ 0.001), marital status (AOR: 95% CI: 2.63, 4.66, p ≤ 0.001), family size (AOR: 95% CI: 0.01, 0.31, p ≤ 0.001), residence (AOR: 95% CI: 0.09, 0.83, p = 0.021), practice of using toilet (AOR: 95% CI: 0.08, 0.086, p = 0.027), washing fruits and vegetables before eating (AOR: 95% CI: 0.12, 0.87, p = 0.025), and awareness of typhoid fever transmission and prevention (AOR: 95% CI: 0.12, 0.91, p = 0.032) are the associated risk factors for typhoid fever. Fifty percent of the isolates showed multidrug resistance to two or more antibiotics. It was suggested that improving personal hygiene, providing safe drinking water, and careful use of antibiotics could considerably reduce the prevalence of typhoid fever in the study area.

德巴克医院门诊临床诊断发热患者伤寒血清阳性率及其相关危险因素及分离株药敏特征
伤寒是由伤寒沙门氏菌引起的,它在包括埃塞俄比亚在内的发展中国家造成了严重的健康问题。然而,在研究区域,关于伤寒及其致病因素和药敏模式的信息有限。本研究的目的是确定在德巴克医院临床诊断的发热患者中伤寒的血清阳性率及其相关危险因素,并评估分离株的药敏模式。对2022年12月至2023年4月期间158例发热患者进行了基于医院的横断面研究。对每位发热患者采集血液和粪便样本。采用Widal试验检测血中伤寒沙门氏菌O型和H型抗原血清,并从粪便中培养细菌。每个分离株进行革兰氏染色和生化分析。采用Kirby-Bauer纸片扩散法对分离菌株进行药敏试验。采用描述性统计和逻辑回归进行分析。本研究中,德巴克医院发热病人伤寒血清阳性率为22.8%。性别(调整优势比(AOR): 95%可信区间(CI): 0.02、0.31,p≤0.001)、婚姻状况(AOR: 95% CI: 2.63、4.66,p≤0.001)、家庭规模(AOR: 95% CI: 0.01、0.31,p≤0.001)、住所(AOR: 95% CI: 0.09、0.83,p = 0.021)、如厕习惯(AOR: 95% CI: 0.08、0.086,p = 0.027)、餐前清洗水果和蔬菜(AOR: 95% CI: 0.12、0.87,p = 0.025)、伤寒传播和预防意识(AOR: 95% CI: 0.12、0.87,p = 0.025);0.12, 0.91, p = 0.032)是伤寒的相关危险因素。50%的分离株显示出对两种或两种以上抗生素的多重耐药性。建议改善个人卫生、提供安全饮用水和谨慎使用抗生素可显著减少研究地区伤寒的流行。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
BioMed Research International
BioMed Research International BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY-MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL
CiteScore
6.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
1942
审稿时长
19 weeks
期刊介绍: BioMed Research International is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies covering a wide range of subjects in life sciences and medicine. The journal is divided into 55 subject areas.
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