[Effects of serum vitamin K levels in early pregnancy on pregnancy-related diseases and adverse pregnancy outcomes].

Abstract

Objective: To explore the relationship between vitamin K levels and pregnancy-related diseases and adverse pregnancy outcomes in early pregnancy.

Methods: A convenience sampling method was used to select 367 women in early pregnancy who were enrolled in the Shunyi Women's and Children's Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital from October 2018 to September 2019. Basic information such as age, height, and pre-pregnancy weight of the respondents was collected, blood samples were taken and the concentration of vitamin K(vitamin K1, MK-4 and MK-7) was measured by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS). Follow-up visits were conducted to collect information on whether the respondents had pregnancy-related disease and their pregnancy outcomes. The relationship between vitamin K concentration and pregnancy-related diseases and adverse pregnancy outcomes was analyzed by partial correlation test and binary logistic regression.

Results: The mean age of the respondents was 29.3 years, with a range of pre-pregnancy body mass index from 15.43 to 40.40 and weeks of pregnancy range from 5.9 to 14.0 weeks. The concentrations of MK-7, vitamin K1, and MK-4 in pregnant women(M(P25, P75))were 1.093(0.295, 3.325)ng/mL, 0.526(0.359, 0.681)ng/mL and 0.021(0.018, 0.026)ng/mL, respectively. There was a significant negative correlation between serum MK-7 levels in early pregnancy and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)(P=0.032). The result of binary logistic regression analysis showed that MK-7 deficiency was a risk factor for GDM(OR=4.276, P=0.034) after adjusting for confounding factors: age, ethnicity, BMI, parity, vitamin D level, physical activity, low-density lipoprotein(LDL), high-density lipoprotein(HDL), and gestational age.

Conclusion: Serum MK-7 levels in early pregnancy are negatively associated with the development of GDM in women. It is therefore essential to pay more attention to the nutritional status of vitamin K in pregnant women in early pregnancy.