The tiny-leaved orchid Disperis neilgherrensis primarily obtains carbon from decaying litter via saprotrophic Ceratobasidium.

IF 3.8 2区 生物学 Q2 MYCOLOGY
Kenji Suetsugu, Ryuta Yagi, Hidehito Okada, Jun Matsubayashi
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Abstract

While most green orchids establish associations with non-ectomycorrhizal rhizoctonias belonging to Ceratobasidiaceae, Tulasnellaceae, and Serendipitaceae, fully mycoheterotrophic orchids-excluding albino mutants-primarily depend on either ectomycorrhizal fungi or saprotrophic non-rhizoctonia fungi. This suggests that non-ectomycorrhizal rhizoctonias may be unable to meet the carbon demands of adult orchids that exhibit a high degree of mycoheterotrophy. To understand the physiological ecology of Disperis neilgherrensis, an orchid species with reduced leaves growing in decaying litter from non-ectomycorrhizal trees, we employed molecular and stable isotope analyses to identify its mycorrhizal partners and ultimate nutritional sources at two populations on Ishigaki Island, Japan. Molecular barcoding techniques revealed that D. neilgherrensis forms exclusive associations with non-ectomycorrhizal Ceratobasidiaceae fungi. The Disperis specimens exhibited δ13C and δ15N isotopic values similar to those found in fully mycoheterotrophic orchids that exploit litter-decaying fungi. Furthermore, the pelotons of D. neilgherrensis showed significantly elevated δ13C values similar to saprotrophic non-rhizoctonia fungi. Our findings indicate that D. neilgherrensis primarily obtains its carbon from decaying litter through a specialized relationship with non-ECM Ceratobasidiaceae. Given that saprotrophic Ceratobasidiaceae facilitate nearly fully mycoheterotrophic growth in D. neilgherrensis, at least under warm and humid conditions, it is plausible that other (nearly) fully mycoheterotrophic tropical orchids also meet their carbon requirements through associations with saprotrophic rhizoctonias.

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

小叶兰弥散(Disperis neilgherrensis)主要通过腐坏性角枯菌从腐烂的凋落物中获取碳。
虽然大多数绿兰花与属于Ceratobasidiaceae, Tulasnellaceae和Serendipitaceae的非外生菌根性根丝胞菌有关,但完全分枝异养的兰花(不包括白化突变体)主要依赖于外生菌根真菌或腐养性非根丝胞菌真菌。这表明,非外生菌根的根胞菌可能无法满足表现出高度分枝异养性的成年兰花的碳需求。摘要为了解在无外生菌根树木凋落物中生长的凋落叶分散兰(Disperis neilgherrensis)的生理生态,采用分子和稳定同位素分析方法对日本石垣岛两个种群的菌根伴侣和最终营养来源进行了鉴定。分子条形码技术显示D. neilgherrensis与非外生菌根Ceratobasidiaceae真菌形成独家关联。色散标本的δ13C和δ15N同位素值与利用凋落物腐烂真菌的完全分枝异养兰花相似。此外,D. neilgherrensis的胞群δ13C值显著升高,与腐坏性非根核菌相似。我们的研究结果表明,D. neilgherrensis主要通过与非ecm Ceratobasidiaceae的特殊关系从腐烂的凋落物中获取碳。鉴于腐坏性Ceratobasidiaceae促进D. neilgherrensis几乎完全分枝异养生长,至少在温暖潮湿的条件下,其他(几乎)完全分枝异养的热带兰花也通过与腐坏性根丝胞菌的关联来满足它们的碳需求是合理的。
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来源期刊
Mycorrhiza
Mycorrhiza 生物-真菌学
CiteScore
8.20
自引率
2.60%
发文量
40
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Mycorrhiza is an international journal devoted to research into mycorrhizas - the widest symbioses in nature, involving plants and a range of soil fungi world-wide. The scope of Mycorrhiza covers all aspects of research into mycorrhizas, including molecular biology of the plants and fungi, fungal systematics, development and structure of mycorrhizas, and effects on plant physiology, productivity, reproduction and disease resistance. The scope also includes interactions between mycorrhizal fungi and other soil organisms and effects of mycorrhizas on plant biodiversity and ecosystem structure. Mycorrhiza contains original papers, short notes and review articles, along with commentaries and news items. It forms a platform for new concepts and discussions, and is a basis for a truly international forum of mycorrhizologists from all over the world.
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