Cardiovascular Disease in Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Users.

IF 35.5 1区 医学 Q1 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS
Circulation Pub Date : 2025-03-25 Epub Date: 2025-02-13 DOI:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.124.071117
Josefine Windfeld-Mathiasen, Ida M Heerfordt, Kim Peder Dalhoff, Jon Trærup Andersen, Michael Asger Andersen, Karl Sebastian Johansson, Tor Biering-Sørensen, Flemming Javier Olsen, Henrik Horwitz
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Use of anabolic androgenic steroids (AASs) is associated with increased mortality, and case reports have suggested that some of these deaths are due to cardiovascular disease. However, the epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in AAS users is still relatively unexplored. This study aimed to measure the incidence of cardiovascular disease in male AAS users and to compare these rates with those of a cohort from the general population matched by age and sex.

Methods: Men sanctioned in an antidoping program for AAS use in Danish fitness centers between 2006 and 2018 were included and matched for age and sex with 50 times as many controls from the general Danish population. The cohort was followed until June 30, 2023. Using the nationwide registries, we obtained information on admissions, prescriptions, educational length, and occupational status for both the AAS users and controls. This study investigated the incidence of acute myocardial infarction, percutaneous coronary intervention, or coronary artery bypass graft, venous thromboembolism, ischemic stroke, arrhythmia, cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and cardiac arrest during the follow-up period.

Results: During an average of 11 years of follow-up, AAS users (n=1189) demonstrated a significantly higher incidence of several cardiovascular events compared with controls (n=59 450). Correspondingly, AASs were associated with an increased risk of acute myocardial infarction (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 3.00 [95% CI, 1.67-5.39]), percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass graft (aHR 2.95 [95% CI, 1.68-5.18]), venous thromboembolism (aHR 2.42 [95% CI, 1.54-3.80]), arrhythmias (aHR 2.26 [95% CI, 1.53-3.32]), cardiomyopathy (aHR 8.90 [95% CI, 4.99-15.88]), and heart failure (aHR 3.63 [95% CI, 2.01-6.55]). Due to the limited number of ischemic stroke and cardiac arrest cases among AAS users, these outcomes were not reportable.

Conclusions: AAS use is associated with a substantially increased risk of cardiovascular disease in a large cohort with a long follow-up period.

合成代谢雄激素类固醇使用者的心血管疾病。
背景:使用合成代谢雄激素类固醇(AASs)与死亡率增加有关,病例报告表明其中一些死亡是由心血管疾病引起的。然而,在AAS使用者中心血管疾病的流行病学仍然相对未被探索。本研究旨在测量男性AAS使用者的心血管疾病发病率,并将这些发病率与年龄和性别匹配的普通人群的发病率进行比较。方法:纳入2006年至2018年期间在丹麦健身中心使用AAS的反兴奋剂计划中被批准的男性,并根据年龄和性别进行匹配,对照组人数是丹麦普通人群的50倍。该队列被跟踪到2023年6月30日。使用全国注册,我们获得了关于AAS使用者和对照组的入院、处方、教育年限和职业状况的信息。本研究调查了随访期间急性心肌梗死、经皮冠状动脉介入治疗或冠状动脉旁路移植术、静脉血栓栓塞、缺血性中风、心律失常、心肌病、心力衰竭和心脏骤停的发生率。结果:在平均11年的随访期间,AAS使用者(n=1189)与对照组(n= 59450)相比,显示出几种心血管事件的发生率显着更高。相应地,AASs与急性心肌梗死(校正危险比[aHR] 3.00 [95% CI, 1.67-5.39])、经皮冠状动脉介入或冠状动脉旁路移植(aHR 2.95 [95% CI, 1.68-5.18])、静脉血栓栓塞(aHR 2.42 [95% CI, 1.54-3.80])、心律失常(aHR 2.26 [95% CI, 1.53-3.32])、心肌病(aHR 8.90 [95% CI, 4.99-15.88])和心力衰竭(aHR 3.63 [95% CI, 2.01-6.55])的风险增加相关。由于AAS使用者中缺血性卒中和心脏骤停病例数量有限,这些结果未报告。结论:在一个长期随访的大队列中,AAS的使用与心血管疾病风险的显著增加相关。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Circulation
Circulation 医学-外周血管病
CiteScore
45.70
自引率
2.10%
发文量
1473
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Circulation is a platform that publishes a diverse range of content related to cardiovascular health and disease. This includes original research manuscripts, review articles, and other contributions spanning observational studies, clinical trials, epidemiology, health services, outcomes studies, and advancements in basic and translational research. The journal serves as a vital resource for professionals and researchers in the field of cardiovascular health, providing a comprehensive platform for disseminating knowledge and fostering advancements in the understanding and management of cardiovascular issues.
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