Alcohol, Cannabis, and nicotine use during early pregnancy and infant hearing loss

IF 4.3 2区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Preventive medicine Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI:10.1016/j.ypmed.2025.108242

Kelly C. Young-Wolff , Nina Oberman , Stacey E. Alexeeff , Lisa A. Croen , Kristin R. Steuerle , Deborah Ansley , Carley Castellanos , Lyndsay A. Avalos

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

To examine whether maternal prenatal alcohol, cannabis, or nicotine use was associated with offspring diagnoses of hearing loss during the first six months of life.

Methods

We conducted a population-based retrospective birth cohort study of infants (N = 297,147) born between 2011 and 2023 to pregnant individuals (N = 233,902) in Kaiser Permanente Northern California universally screened for any prenatal alcohol, cannabis, or nicotine use since pregnancy at entrance to prenatal care (at ∼8–10 weeks gestation). Offspring hearing loss was defined as ≥1 hearing loss diagnosis in the infant's electronic health record based on ICD codes. Modified Poisson regression models for binary data were used to estimate the risk ratio (RR) of infant hearing loss by each prenatal substance adjusting for covariates.

Results

The sample of pregnancies were to 23.9 % Asian/Pacific Islander, 5.3 % Black, 26.1 % Hispanic, and 37.7 % non-Hispanic White individuals, with a mean (SD) age of 32 (5.4) years; 9.9 % screened positive for any alcohol use during early pregnancy, 5.6 % screened positive for any cannabis use during early pregnancy, and 3.9 % screened positive for any nicotine use during early pregnancy. Overall, 0.2 % of infants had a hearing loss diagnosis during the first six months of life. In fully adjusted models, prenatal alcohol use (adjusted RR:1.37; 95 %CI:1.05–1.79) but not prenatal cannabis or nicotine use, was associated with increased risk of infant hearing loss.

Conclusions

Maternal alcohol use during early pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of offspring diagnoses of hearing loss during the first six months of life.

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怀孕早期使用酒精、大麻和尼古丁与婴儿听力丧失

目的探讨孕妇产前酒精、大麻或尼古丁的使用是否与子女出生后前6个月的听力损失诊断有关。方法我们对2011年至2023年间出生的婴儿（N = 297,147）进行了一项基于人群的回顾性出生队列研究，研究对象是北加州Kaiser Permanente孕妇（N = 233,902），从产前护理开始（妊娠8-10周）开始，对怀孕后的任何产前酒精、大麻或尼古丁使用进行了普遍筛查。子代听力损失定义为婴儿电子健康记录中基于ICD编码的听力损失诊断≥1次。采用二值数据修正泊松回归模型，通过各产前物质调整协变量估计婴儿听力损失的风险比（RR）。结果亚裔/太平洋岛民占23.9%，黑人占5.3%，西班牙裔占26.1%，非西班牙裔白人占37.7%，平均（SD）年龄为32（5.4）岁；9.9%的人在怀孕早期对任何酒精使用筛查呈阳性，5.6%的人在怀孕早期对任何大麻使用筛查呈阳性，3.9%的人在怀孕早期对任何尼古丁使用筛查呈阳性。总的来说，0.2%的婴儿在出生后的前六个月被诊断为听力损失。在完全调整模型中，产前酒精使用(调整RR:1.37；95%可信区间：1.05-1.79)，但产前使用大麻或尼古丁与婴儿听力损失风险增加无关。结论：母亲在怀孕早期饮酒与孩子在出生后前六个月听力损失的风险增加有关。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Preventive medicine 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

3.90%

发文量

审稿时长

42 days

期刊介绍： Founded in 1972 by Ernst Wynder, Preventive Medicine is an international scholarly journal that provides prompt publication of original articles on the science and practice of disease prevention, health promotion, and public health policymaking. Preventive Medicine aims to reward innovation. It will favor insightful observational studies, thoughtful explorations of health data, unsuspected new angles for existing hypotheses, robust randomized controlled trials, and impartial systematic reviews. Preventive Medicine''s ultimate goal is to publish research that will have an impact on the work of practitioners of disease prevention and health promotion, as well as of related disciplines.