Association Between Hormone Levels and Retinopathy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Translational Vision Science & Technology Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI:10.1167/tvst.14.2.17

Yu Meng, Xueli Yang, Yuxin Fan, Ming Liu, Fengqi Zhou, Qihua Wang, Yuezhu Lu, Yun Zhu, Hua Yan

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose: To explore the relationship between hormone levels and diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 2432 patients with type 2 diabetes from Tianjin Medical University General Hospital between 2016 and 2019. Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between hormone levels and DR.

Results: DR was diagnosed in 953 patients (39.19%), with no significant gender difference in prevalence. Among men, DR prevalence increased with testosterone level increasing (Q4 vs. Q1: odds ratio [OR] = 1.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11-2.41) but decreased with prolactin levels increasing (Q4 vs. Q1: OR = 0.65; 95% CI, 0.44-0.96). Among women, high follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (Q4 vs. Q1: OR = 2.22; 95% CI, 1.40-3.52) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels (Q4 vs. Q1: OR = 1.77; 95% CI, 1.20-2.63) were linked with increased DR prevalence. No associations were found in premenopausal women, but postmenopausal women with high prolactin level had increased DR prevalence (Q2 vs. Q1: OR = 1.56; 95% CI, 1.01-2.19). Dose-response relationships were suggested for FSH (P = 0.087) and testosterone (P = 0.088) with DR prevalence, though caution is advised due to the risk of type I error arising from multiple comparisons. Other risk factors included low body mass index (OR = 0.98), smoking (OR = 1.32), long diabetes duration (OR = 1.02), and high systolic blood pressure (OR = 1.01).

Conclusions: Prolactin (negatively) and testosterone (positively) were correlated with DR risk in men. FSH and testosterone showed suggestive dose-response relationship with DR prevalence in postmenopausal women. Further research is needed for type 1 diabetes.

Translational relevance: Sex hormones play a crucial role in DR development, affecting men and women differently.

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2 型糖尿病患者体内激素水平与视网膜病变之间的关系：一项横断面研究

目的：探讨激素水平与糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）的关系。方法：本横断面研究招募2016 - 2019年天津医科大学总医院2型糖尿病患者2432例。采用Logistic回归估计激素水平与DR之间的比值比（ORs）和95%置信区间（CIs）。结果：953例（39.19%）患者诊断为DR，患病率无显著性别差异。在男性中，DR患病率随着睾酮水平的升高而增加(Q4 vs. Q1：优势比[OR] = 1.64；95%可信区间[CI]， 1.11-2.41)，但随着催乳素水平的升高而下降(Q4 vs. Q1: OR = 0.65；95% ci, 0.44-0.96)。在女性中，高卵泡刺激素（FSH） (Q4 vs. Q1: OR = 2.22；95% CI, 1.40-3.52)和黄体生成素（LH）水平(Q4 vs. Q1: OR = 1.77；95% CI, 1.20-2.63)与DR患病率增加有关。在绝经前妇女中未发现相关性，但绝经后催乳素水平高的妇女DR患病率增加(Q2 vs Q1: OR = 1.56；95% ci, 1.01-2.19)。FSH （P = 0.087）和睾酮（P = 0.088）与DR患病率存在剂量-反应关系，但由于多重比较会产生I型误差的风险，建议谨慎。其他危险因素包括低体重指数（OR = 0.98）、吸烟（OR = 1.32）、糖尿病病程长（OR = 1.02）和高收缩压（OR = 1.01）。结论：催乳素（负）和睾酮（正）与男性DR风险相关。FSH和睾酮与绝经后妇女的DR患病率呈剂量-反应关系。1型糖尿病需要进一步的研究。翻译相关性：性激素在DR的发展中起着至关重要的作用，对男性和女性的影响不同。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Translational Vision Science & Technology Engineering-Biomedical Engineering

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

3.30%

发文量

346

审稿时长

25 weeks

期刊介绍： Translational Vision Science & Technology (TVST), an official journal of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO), an international organization whose purpose is to advance research worldwide into understanding the visual system and preventing, treating and curing its disorders, is an online, open access, peer-reviewed journal emphasizing multidisciplinary research that bridges the gap between basic research and clinical care. A highly qualified and diverse group of Associate Editors and Editorial Board Members is led by Editor-in-Chief Marco Zarbin, MD, PhD, FARVO. The journal covers a broad spectrum of work, including but not limited to: Applications of stem cell technology for regenerative medicine, Development of new animal models of human diseases, Tissue bioengineering, Chemical engineering to improve virus-based gene delivery, Nanotechnology for drug delivery, Design and synthesis of artificial extracellular matrices, Development of a true microsurgical operating environment, Refining data analysis algorithms to improve in vivo imaging technology, Results of Phase 1 clinical trials, Reverse translational ("bedside to bench") research. TVST seeks manuscripts from scientists and clinicians with diverse backgrounds ranging from basic chemistry to ophthalmic surgery that will advance or change the way we understand and/or treat vision-threatening diseases. TVST encourages the use of color, multimedia, hyperlinks, program code and other digital enhancements.