Associations between Attitudes to Aging with concurrent and twelve-year change in cognitive functioning in very old individuals.

Abstract

Objectives: This study investigated the cross-sectional associations between participants' scores on five cognitive domains and global cognition and their scores on a multidimensional measure of self-perceptions of aging. This study also investigated whether 12-year change in the same cognitive domains and global cognition was associated with self-perceptions of aging.

Design: Cross-sectional and longitudinal secondary analyses of a cohort study.

Participants: Participants were 103 individuals (mean age at 12-year follow-up = 87.43 years; SD = 3.60; 60.2 % women) enrolled in the Sydney Memory and Aging Study (MAS) with 12-years of follow-up data.

Measurements: Cognitive domains assessed over 7 waves were attention processing speed, language, executive function, visuospatial abilities, and memory. Self-perceptions of aging were assessed only at wave 7 using the three subscales of the Laidlaw' Attitudes to Aging Questionnaire: psychological growth, psychosocial loss, and (positive) physical change.

Results: After having adjusted for age, sex, marital status, occupation when working, depressive symptoms, and numbers of physical health conditions and for multiple comparisons there were no significant cross-sectional associations between cognitive abilities and global cognition and the subscales of the Attitudes to Aging Questionnaire. After having adjusted for baseline cognition, age, sex, marital status, occupation when working, depressive symptoms, and numbers of physical health conditions there were no significant longitudinal associations between change in cognitive abilities and in general cognition and the subscales of the Attitudes to Aging Questionnaire.

Conclusions: Cross-sectional and change scores on cognitive tasks and global cognition do not have an effect on Attitudes to Aging after having controlled for depressive symptoms.