Enhanced separation of valuable compounds from Spirulina using supercritical carbon dioxide: Influence of pretreatments and co-solvent addition on composition and bioactivity of extracts

IF 3.4 3区 工程技术 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL
Stoja Milovanovic , Agnieszka Grzegorczyk , Łukasz Świątek , Katarzyna Tyśkiewicz , Marcin Konkol , Dusica Stojanovic
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Abstract

There is a lack of information on pretreatments that improve the separation of biologically valuable extracts from Spirulina using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2). Therefore, this study was focused on testing microwave irradiation and rapid gas decompression pretreatments for the recovery of Spirulina extracts that express antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activity. Extractions from native and pretreated microalgae were performed using scCO2 at 40 MPa and 40 °C, without or with ethanol as a co-solvent. Results revealed that the extraction process was positively influenced to some extent by the application of each pretreatment and co-solvent addition. Specifically, extraction yield was improved up to 8.7-fold, separation of γ-linolenic acid increased from 7.3% to 35.6 %, chlorophyll A content increased from 12.1 to 272.1 mg/g extract, and tocopherol amount rose from 1.3 to 24.7 mg α-TE/g dry biomass. On the other hand, separations performed with co-solvent decreased the content of carotenoids from 100.2 to 35.6 mg/g as well as the antioxidant activity of extracts and their cytotoxicity on human hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Moreover, the addition of ethanol to scCO2 had an adverse effect on the flavonoid content (which ranged from 45.8 to 82.4 mg RE/g) and the antimicrobial activity of extracts against 32 microbial strains. This exploratory study provides guidelines for the design, operation, and intensification of an environmentally friendly separation of added-value Spirulina extracts.
超临界二氧化碳强化螺旋藻中有价化合物的分离:预处理和助溶剂添加对萃取物组成和生物活性的影响
目前还缺乏利用超临界二氧化碳(scCO2)对螺旋藻萃取物进行预处理的相关信息。因此,本研究的重点是测试微波辐照和快速气体减压预处理对回收螺旋藻提取物的抗氧化、抗菌和细胞毒活性的影响。采用scCO2在40 MPa和40 °C条件下,无或有乙醇作为共溶剂,对原生微藻和预处理微藻进行萃取。结果表明,每种预处理方法的应用和助溶剂的添加对提取过程都有一定的正向影响。其中,γ-亚麻酸提取率提高了8.7倍,γ-亚麻酸提取率从7.3%提高到35.6 %,叶绿素A含量从12.1提高到272.1 mg/g,生育酚含量从1.3提高到24.7 mg α-TE/g。另一方面,用共溶剂分离使类胡萝卜素含量从100.2降低到35.6 mg/g,并使提取物的抗氧化活性和对人下咽鳞状细胞癌的细胞毒性降低。此外,在scCO2中添加乙醇对黄酮类化合物含量(45.8 ~ 82.4 mg RE/g)和提取物对32种微生物的抑菌活性均有不利影响。本探索性研究为螺旋藻高附加值萃取物的环保分离设计、操作和强化提供了指导。
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来源期刊
Journal of Supercritical Fluids
Journal of Supercritical Fluids 工程技术-工程:化工
CiteScore
7.60
自引率
10.30%
发文量
236
审稿时长
56 days
期刊介绍: The Journal of Supercritical Fluids is an international journal devoted to the fundamental and applied aspects of supercritical fluids and processes. Its aim is to provide a focused platform for academic and industrial researchers to report their findings and to have ready access to the advances in this rapidly growing field. Its coverage is multidisciplinary and includes both basic and applied topics. Thermodynamics and phase equilibria, reaction kinetics and rate processes, thermal and transport properties, and all topics related to processing such as separations (extraction, fractionation, purification, chromatography) nucleation and impregnation are within the scope. Accounts of specific engineering applications such as those encountered in food, fuel, natural products, minerals, pharmaceuticals and polymer industries are included. Topics related to high pressure equipment design, analytical techniques, sensors, and process control methodologies are also within the scope of the journal.
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