Exosome-based miRNA delivery: Transforming cancer treatment with mesenchymal stem cells

IF 3.4 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING

Regenerative Therapy Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI:10.1016/j.reth.2025.01.019

Ashok Kumar Balaraman , M. Arockia Babu , Muhammad Afzal , Gaurav Sanghvi , Rekha M M , Sofia Gupta , Mohit Rana , Haider Ali , Kavita Goyal , Vetriselvan Subramaniyan , Ling Shing Wong , Vinoth Kumarasamy

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Recently, increasing interest has been in utilizing mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs), especially exosomes, as nanocarriers for miRNA delivery in cancer treatment. Due to such characteristics, nanocarriers are specific: biocompatible, low immunogenicity, and capable of spontaneous tumor accumulation. MSC-EVs were loaded with therapeutic miRNAs and minimized their susceptibility to degradation by protecting the miRNA from accessibility to degrading enzymes and providing targeted delivery of the miRNAs to the tumor cells to modulate oncogenic pathways. In vitro and in vivo experiments suggest that MSC-EVs loaded with miRNAs may inhibit tumor growth, prevent metastasis, and increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, these improvements present difficulties such as isolation, scalability, and stability of delivered miRNA during storage.

Furthermore, the issues related to off-target effects, as well as immunogenicity, can be a focus. The mechanisms of miRNA loading into MSC-EVs, as well as their targeting efficiency and therapeutic potential, can be outlined in this manuscript. For the final part of the manuscript, the current advances in MSC-EV engineering and potential strategies for clinical application have been described. The findings of MSC-EVs imply that they present MSC-EVs as a second-generation tool for precise oncology.

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基于外泌体的miRNA传递：转化间充质干细胞的癌症治疗

最近，利用间充质干细胞衍生的细胞外囊泡（msc - ev），特别是外泌体，作为miRNA递送的纳米载体，在癌症治疗中越来越受到关注。由于这些特点，纳米载体具有特异性：生物相容性、低免疫原性和自发肿瘤蓄积能力。msc - ev装载了治疗性miRNA，并通过保护miRNA不接近降解酶和提供靶向递送到肿瘤细胞以调节致癌途径来最小化其降解易感性。体外和体内实验表明，装载mirna的msc - ev可能抑制肿瘤生长，防止转移，提高化疗和放疗的有效性。然而，这些改进存在诸如隔离、可扩展性和存储期间交付的miRNA的稳定性等困难。此外，与脱靶效应以及免疫原性有关的问题可能是一个重点。miRNA装载到msc - ev的机制，以及它们的靶向效率和治疗潜力，可以在这篇文章中概述。对于手稿的最后一部分，描述了MSC-EV工程的当前进展和临床应用的潜在策略。msc - ev的研究结果表明，它们将msc - ev作为精确肿瘤学的第二代工具。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Regenerative Therapy Engineering-Biomedical Engineering

CiteScore

6.00

自引率

2.30%

发文量

106

审稿时长

49 days

期刊介绍： Regenerative Therapy is the official peer-reviewed online journal of the Japanese Society for Regenerative Medicine. Regenerative Therapy is a multidisciplinary journal that publishes original articles and reviews of basic research, clinical translation, industrial development, and regulatory issues focusing on stem cell biology, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine.