Unveiling the determinants of climate change adaptation among small Landholders: Insights from a Mountainous Region in Pakistan

IF 4 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Climate Services Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI:10.1016/j.cliser.2025.100550

Iftikhar Ali , Ashfaq Ahmad Shah , Bader Alhafi Alotaibi , Chong Xu , Amjad Ali , Yousuf Ali

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Abstract

Small landholders in Pakistan’s high mountainous regions face significant challenges in adapting to the impacts of climate change. This study investigates the adaptation strategies employed by smallholder farmers to address these challenges and identifies the household-level factors influencing these strategies in Nagar Valley. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected through a structured survey involving 430 households. Data are analyzed using bivariate and probit regression models. The study reveals that smallholder farmers adopt various strategies to cope with climate change, including using chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and insecticides, practicing crop rotation, and transitioning to horticulture. The findings of the multivariate probit model demonstrate a significant association between age, gender, education, and the likelihood of adopting adaptation strategies. The study advocates for developing context-specific climate adaptation strategies tailored to these regions’ unique agroecological zones to enhance small landholders’ resilience against climate change impacts. It also emphasizes the need to raise awareness among smallholders about modern, climate-smart agricultural practices and adaptive strategies.

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揭示小土地所有者适应气候变化的决定因素：来自巴基斯坦山区的见解

巴基斯坦高山区的小土地所有者在适应气候变化的影响方面面临着重大挑战。本研究调查了纳加尔河谷小农为应对这些挑战所采取的适应策略，并确定了影响这些策略的家庭层面因素。采用定量方法，通过涉及430户家庭的结构化调查收集数据。数据分析使用双变量和概率回归模型。研究表明，小农采取了各种策略来应对气候变化，包括使用化肥、农药和杀虫剂、实行轮作和向园艺过渡。多变量概率模型的结果表明，年龄、性别、教育程度和采取适应策略的可能性之间存在显著关联。该研究倡导针对这些地区独特的农业生态区制定因地制宜的气候适应战略，以增强小土地所有者对气候变化影响的抵御能力。报告还强调需要提高小农对现代气候智能型农业实践和适应性战略的认识。

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来源期刊

Climate Services Multiple-

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

15.60%

发文量

期刊介绍： The journal Climate Services publishes research with a focus on science-based and user-specific climate information underpinning climate services, ultimately to assist society to adapt to climate change. Climate Services brings science and practice closer together. The journal addresses both researchers in the field of climate service research, and stakeholders and practitioners interested in or already applying climate services. It serves as a means of communication, dialogue and exchange between researchers and stakeholders. Climate services pioneers novel research areas that directly refer to how climate information can be applied in methodologies and tools for adaptation to climate change. It publishes best practice examples, case studies as well as theories, methods and data analysis with a clear connection to climate services. The focus of the published work is often multi-disciplinary, case-specific, tailored to specific sectors and strongly application-oriented. To offer a suitable outlet for such studies, Climate Services journal introduced a new section in the research article type. The research article contains a classical scientific part as well as a section with easily understandable practical implications for policy makers and practitioners. The journal''s focus is on the use and usability of climate information for adaptation purposes underpinning climate services.