Seasonal Adaptation of Mammalian Development: Effect of Early-Life Photoperiod on Reproduction, Somatic Growth, and Neurobehavioral Systems.

IF 1 4区 生物学 Q3 ZOOLOGY
Shinobu Yasuo
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Abstract

For the survival and efficient breeding of wild-living animals, it is crucial to predict seasonal changes and prepare appropriate physiological functions and neurobehavioral mechanisms. In mammals, photoperiod serves as a reliable cue for seasonal changes in the environment, primarily transmitted by melatonin. This review focuses on the seasonal adaptation of mammalian development, specifically the effect of early-life photoperiod on reproductive, somatic, and neurobehavioral development in small- and large-sized mammals. Prediction of seasons through early-life photoperiod is particularly important for small mammals, which have relatively short longevity, to adjust their maximum growth and breeding ability in appropriate seasons during the birth year or the following round. Brain plasticity, as well as cognitive and emotional behaviors, are also highly modulated by early-life photoperiods for successful mating and spatial memory for foraging. This review first summarizes the basic knowledge and recent progress in the programming and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms of reproductive and neurobehavioral development in small mammals, including C57BL/6J mice, which cannot produce detectable amounts of melatonin. The review then focuses on the influence of perinatal environmental conditions or birth season on adult phenotypes in large livestock and humans. Studies have advanced on the concept of the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD). Evidence from large mammals suggests that the prediction of seasons is crucial for high-fitness functions over several years. Finally, this review discusses the association of the season of birth with life course physiology and diseases in humans, and the possible mechanisms.

哺乳动物发育的季节性适应:生命早期光周期对繁殖、体细胞生长和神经行为系统的影响》(Effect of Early-Life Photoperiod on Reproduction, Somatic Growth, and Neurobehavioral Systems.
预测季节变化,准备相应的生理功能和神经行为机制,对野生动物的生存和高效繁殖至关重要。在哺乳动物中,光周期是环境季节性变化的可靠线索,主要通过褪黑激素传播。本文综述了哺乳动物发育的季节适应性,特别是生命早期光周期对小型和大型哺乳动物生殖、躯体和神经行为发育的影响。对于寿命相对较短的小型哺乳动物来说,通过早期光周期预测季节,在出生年或下一轮的适当季节调整其最大生长和繁殖能力尤为重要。大脑的可塑性,以及认知和情感行为,也受到生命早期成功交配的光周期和觅食的空间记忆的高度调节。本文首先综述了包括C57BL/6J小鼠在内的不能产生可检测量褪黑素的小型哺乳动物生殖和神经行为发育的编程和表观遗传调控机制的基本知识和最新进展。综述然后侧重于围产期环境条件或出生季节对大型牲畜和人类成年表型的影响。关于健康和疾病的发育起源概念的研究取得了进展。来自大型哺乳动物的证据表明,对季节的预测对于几年内的高适应性功能至关重要。最后,本文综述了出生季节与人类生命历程生理和疾病的关系及其可能的机制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Zoological Science
Zoological Science 生物-动物学
CiteScore
1.70
自引率
11.10%
发文量
59
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Zoological Science is published by the Zoological Society of Japan and devoted to publication of original articles, reviews and editorials that cover the broad field of zoology. The journal was founded in 1984 as a result of the consolidation of Zoological Magazine (1888–1983) and Annotationes Zoologicae Japonenses (1897–1983), the former official journals of the Zoological Society of Japan. Each annual volume consists of six regular issues, one every two months.
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