Evidence for Variation in the Genetic Basis of Sex Determination in Brook Stickleback (Culaea inconstans)

IF 2.3 2区生物学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Ecology and Evolution Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI:10.1002/ece3.70955

Grace C. Pigott, Massa Abo Akel, Malcolm G. Q. Rogers, Marin E. Flanagan, Erica G. Marlette, Matthew J. Treaster, Shannon K. Fox, Shaugnessy R. McCann, Catherine L. Peichel, Michael A. White, Daniel L. Jeffries, Jonathan A. Mee

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Abstract

The genetic basis of sex determination is typically conserved within species if not within broader lineages. For example, within the stickleback family (Gasterosteidae), AmhY has been identified as a master sex-determination (MSD) gene in multiple species across two genera. By contrast, the existence of within-species variability in the genetic basis of sex determination is not frequently observed but provides an opportunity to understand the evolution and turnover of sex determination systems. In this study, we investigated the consistency with which AmhY is involved in sex determination across 610 individuals from five brook stickleback (Culaea inconstans) populations. We designed a PCR-restriction enzyme assay to identify the presence of AmhY in each individual and recorded sexual morphology in each individual in the field at the time of capture. We found that the genetic sex (presence/absence of AmhY) did not match the field-determined phenotypic sex in up to 44% of individuals within a population. This variation in the genetic basis of sex determination in brook stickleback suggests that the mechanism of sex determination in this species is likely more complex than thought when AmhY was first implicated and may still be evolving. Such within-species variation provides an opportunity to further investigate how and why transitions in sex-determination mechanisms occur.

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来源期刊

Ecology and Evolution ECOLOGY-

CiteScore

4.40

自引率

3.80%

发文量

1027

审稿时长

3-6 weeks

期刊介绍： Ecology and Evolution is the peer reviewed journal for rapid dissemination of research in all areas of ecology, evolution and conservation science. The journal gives priority to quality research reports, theoretical or empirical, that develop our understanding of organisms and their diversity, interactions between them, and the natural environment. Ecology and Evolution gives prompt and equal consideration to papers reporting theoretical, experimental, applied and descriptive work in terrestrial and aquatic environments. The journal will consider submissions across taxa in areas including but not limited to micro and macro ecological and evolutionary processes, characteristics of and interactions between individuals, populations, communities and the environment, physiological responses to environmental change, population genetics and phylogenetics, relatedness and kin selection, life histories, systematics and taxonomy, conservation genetics, extinction, speciation, adaption, behaviour, biodiversity, species abundance, macroecology, population and ecosystem dynamics, and conservation policy.