Development of a meiotic atlas and chromosomal mapping of abundant genome elements in the orphan crop golden thistle (Scolymus hispanicus L.)

IF 2.2 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Plant Gene Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI:10.1016/j.plgene.2025.100493

Ahmet L. Tek, Sevim D. Kara Öztürk, Hümeyra Yıldız Akkamış, Elif Sena Köksal, Emir Can Kaya

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Orphan crops have great potential for sustainable agricultural production. Meiosis in sexually reproducing organisms is a crucial process for maintaining the chromosome complement and ensuring genetic diversity by meiotic crossover and segregation of homologous chromosomes. Repetitive DNA elements differ in quantity, sequence, and distribution pattern among species. These elements are useful for taxonomic, phylogenetic, and evolutionary studies, as well as for establishing species-specific karyotypes. The golden thistle (Scolymus hispanicus L.), an orphan crop, is a diploid plant species (2n = 2× = 20) of the Asteraceae family and is common in the Mediterranean region. Despite some research on its phytochemical properties, there are few studies on its molecular biology, genetics, and cytogenetics. Therefore, we aimed to construct an atlas of the meiosis of golden thistle and to discover repetitive genome elements. A novel 180-bp repetitive DNA element, Sh180, of the golden thistle was identified by bioinformatic, molecular and cytogenetic methods. Chromosomal domains containing Sh180, the telomeric repeat TTTAGGGn, 5S and 35S rDNA were mapped on mitotic metaphase chromosomes by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The Sh180 signals were mapped in the subtelomeric regions of all mitotic metaphase chromosomes. Our findings provide the first information for future genetics and breeding studies such as meiotic, karyotype and phylogenetic analyses of this underutilized crop.

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孤儿作物金蓟（Scolymus hispanicus L.）减数分裂图谱的建立及基因组丰富元素的染色体定位

孤儿作物在可持续农业生产中具有巨大潜力。在有性生殖生物中，减数分裂是维持染色体补体和确保遗传多样性的重要过程，通过减数分裂的交叉和同源染色体的分离。重复DNA元素在不同物种间的数量、序列和分布模式不同。这些元素对分类学、系统发育和进化研究以及建立物种特异性核型都很有用。金蓟（学名：Scolymus hispanicus L.）是菊科二倍体植物（2n = 2x = 20），是一种孤儿作物，常见于地中海地区。尽管对其植物化学性质有一些研究，但对其分子生物学、遗传学和细胞遗传学的研究很少。因此，我们旨在构建金蓟减数分裂图谱，发现重复的基因组元件。采用生物信息学、分子遗传学和细胞遗传学方法，鉴定了金蓟一个新的180 bp重复DNA片段Sh180。利用荧光原位杂交技术（FISH）在有丝分裂中期染色体上定位了含有Sh180、TTTAGGGn、5S和35S rDNA的染色体结构域。Sh180信号在所有有丝分裂中期染色体的亚端粒区被定位。本研究结果为今后对这种未充分利用作物进行减数分裂、核型和系统发育分析等遗传育种研究提供了初步资料。

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来源期刊

Plant Gene Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Plant Science

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

51 days

期刊介绍： Plant Gene publishes papers that focus on the regulation, expression, function and evolution of genes in plants, algae and other photosynthesizing organisms (e.g., cyanobacteria), and plant-associated microorganisms. Plant Gene strives to be a diverse plant journal and topics in multiple fields will be considered for publication. Although not limited to the following, some general topics include: Gene discovery and characterization, Gene regulation in response to environmental stress (e.g., salinity, drought, etc.), Genetic effects of transposable elements, Genetic control of secondary metabolic pathways and metabolic enzymes. Herbal Medicine - regulation and medicinal properties of plant products, Plant hormonal signaling, Plant evolutionary genetics, molecular evolution, population genetics, and phylogenetics, Profiling of plant gene expression and genetic variation, Plant-microbe interactions (e.g., influence of endophytes on gene expression; horizontal gene transfer studies; etc.), Agricultural genetics - biotechnology and crop improvement.