A genome-wide study of the effect of alcohol consumption on the risk of type 2 diabetes

Q3 Nursing

Clinical Nutrition Open Science Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI:10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.001

Ariane Belzile , Sam Pedro Galilée Ayivi , Géraldine Asselin , Sylvie Provost , Louis-Philippe Lemieux Perreault , Marie-Christyne Cyr , Marie-Pierre Dubé

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Abstract

Background & Aims

The relationship between alcohol consumption and type 2 diabetes risk is often described as a J- or U-shaped curve, with moderate drinkers having a lower risk compared to non-drinkers and heavy drinkers. However, this protective effect appears to be more pronounced in women than in men, suggesting a potential interaction between sex-specific factors and alcohol metabolism.

Methods

We conducted an interaction genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify genetic variants that modify the relationship between alcohol consumption and type 2 diabetes risk in a sex-specific manner. We utilized data from the UK Biobank in a case-control approach including 309,568 individuals to investigate the three-way interaction between genetic variants, alcohol consumption, and sex on type 2 diabetes risk.

Results

We identified genetic variant rs78681203, located between the FOXO6 and EDN2 genes, with a significant sex-specific interaction with alcohol consumption (interaction p = 2.85 × 10⁻⁸). The T allele of rs78681203 was associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in women consuming 0 to <4 UK units/week (OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.07–1.34) but had a protective effect in women consuming 4 to <28 UK units/week (OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.69–0.95). Conversely, in men, the T allele was associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes in the 4 to <28 UK units/week group (OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.08–1.32) and had a protective effect in the 0 to <4 UK units/week group (OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.74–0.99).

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that genetic variation may play a role in the differential effects of alcohol consumption on type 2 diabetes risk between men and women. Further replication and mechanistic studies are needed to confirm and clarify the role of the identified genetic variant.

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一项关于饮酒对2型糖尿病风险影响的全基因组研究

背景,饮酒与2型糖尿病风险之间的关系通常被描述为J型或u型曲线，适度饮酒者与不饮酒者和重度饮酒者相比风险较低。然而，这种保护作用在女性身上似乎比在男性身上更为明显，这表明性别特异性因素与酒精代谢之间存在潜在的相互作用。方法：我们进行了一项相互作用全基因组关联研究（GWAS），以确定以性别特异性方式改变饮酒与2型糖尿病风险之间关系的遗传变异。我们利用来自英国生物银行（UK Biobank）的数据，采用病例对照方法，包括309,568人，研究基因变异、饮酒和性别对2型糖尿病风险的三方相互作用。结果我们鉴定出基因变异rs78681203，位于FOXO6和EDN2基因之间，与饮酒有显著的性别特异性相互作用（相互作用p = 2.85 × 10−8）。rs78681203的T等位基因与每周摄入0 - 4英单位/周的女性患2型糖尿病的风险增加相关（OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.07-1.34），但对每周摄入4 - 28英单位/周的女性有保护作用（OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.69-0.95）。相反，在男性中，T等位基因与4至28 UK units/week组中较高的2型糖尿病风险相关（OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.08-1.32），而在0至4 UK units/week组中具有保护作用（OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.74-0.99）。结论遗传变异可能在男性和女性饮酒量对2型糖尿病风险的不同影响中起作用。需要进一步的复制和机制研究来确认和澄清所鉴定的遗传变异的作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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