Surface Precision in Orthodontics: A Comprehensive Analysis of Interproximal Reduction Methods Using Atomic Force Microscopy.

Abstract

Background: Interproximal reduction (IPR) is a common orthodontic procedure aimed at creating space between teeth for proper alignment.

Objective: The objective of this study is to comprehensively evaluate and compare the impact of three distinct IPR methods on the surface roughness of mandibular teeth using atomic force microscopy (AFM).

Methods: A total of 128 extracted human mandibular teeth were allocated evenly into three groups: Group A (manual IPR), Group B (rotary-disc IPR), and Group C (laser-assisted IPR). Each group underwent specific IPR procedures, and the surface roughness was evaluated using AFM. The study employed rigorous randomization and precise calibration of instruments.

Results: The findings indicate that Group A (manual IPR) exhibited the smoothest surfaces, while Group C (laser-assisted IPR) demonstrated the highest surface roughness. Statistical analyses revealed significant differences among the groups (P < 0.05). Location-specific analysis highlighted variations across different areas of the interproximal surfaces.

Conclusion: The choice of IPR method significantly influences the surface roughness of mandibular teeth. Manual IPR appears to yield the smoothest surfaces, while laser-assisted IPR may result in increased roughness. These findings have implications for clinical decision-making in orthodontic practices.