Orchid Mycorrhizal Communities Associated With Orchis italica Are Shaped by Ecological Factors and Geographical Gradients

IF 3.4 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Biogeography Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI:10.1111/jbi.15056

Marco G. Balducci, Jacopo Calevo, Karl J. Duffy

{"title":"Orchid Mycorrhizal Communities Associated With Orchis italica Are Shaped by Ecological Factors and Geographical Gradients","authors":"Marco G. Balducci, Jacopo Calevo, Karl J. Duffy","doi":"10.1111/jbi.15056","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Aim</h3>\n \n <p>The influence of mutualists on plant distributions is only beginning to be understood. Orchids depend on orchid mycorrhizal (OrM) fungi to germinate, yet the distribution of OrM fungi and how they vary according to both abiotic and biotic factors is unclear. We investigated the abundance and diversity of OrM fungal communities associated with the Mediterranean orchid <i>Orchis italica</i> and quantified how they vary according to both geographical and ecological factors.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Location</h3>\n \n <p>Mediterranean basin.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Taxon</h3>\n \n <p><i>Orchis italica</i> Poir. (Orchidaceae).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>We used metabarcoding of the ITS2 region to identify OrM fungi associated with adult individuals in 23 populations of <i>O. italica</i> across latitudinal and longitudinal gradients in the Mediterranean region. We used both multivariate analyses and Joint Species Distribution Models (JSDMs) based on geographical, climate, and soil variables to test how both common OrM fungi and their communities vary according to geographical and ecological factors.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>Eighty OrM fungal Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) were found associating with <i>O. italica</i>. However, five Tulasnellaceae OTUs and one Ceratobasidiaceae OTU were found in every population. Abundance of these taxa, as measured by number of reads, increased from west to east and decreased from South to North, indicating OrM fungal abundance may be determined by geographical gradients. OrM fungal community composition varied according to precipitation, annual mean temperature, and soil phosphorous content. JSDMs revealed there were both positive and negative co-occurrences among these ubiquitous OrM fungal OTUs.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>Despite associating with many OrM fungi across its range, only six OTUs were widespread, indicating that <i>O. italica</i> may be an apparent generalist in its association with OrM fungi. Abundance of OrM fungi is determined by geographical gradients and their community composition determined by ecological factors. This highlights the importance of quantifying the distribution of belowground mutualists in understanding the limits to plant distributions.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"52 3","pages":"544-557"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.15056","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Biogeography","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jbi.15056","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ECOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aim

The influence of mutualists on plant distributions is only beginning to be understood. Orchids depend on orchid mycorrhizal (OrM) fungi to germinate, yet the distribution of OrM fungi and how they vary according to both abiotic and biotic factors is unclear. We investigated the abundance and diversity of OrM fungal communities associated with the Mediterranean orchid Orchis italica and quantified how they vary according to both geographical and ecological factors.

Location

Mediterranean basin.

Taxon

Orchis italica Poir. (Orchidaceae).

Methods

We used metabarcoding of the ITS2 region to identify OrM fungi associated with adult individuals in 23 populations of O. italica across latitudinal and longitudinal gradients in the Mediterranean region. We used both multivariate analyses and Joint Species Distribution Models (JSDMs) based on geographical, climate, and soil variables to test how both common OrM fungi and their communities vary according to geographical and ecological factors.

Results

Eighty OrM fungal Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) were found associating with O. italica. However, five Tulasnellaceae OTUs and one Ceratobasidiaceae OTU were found in every population. Abundance of these taxa, as measured by number of reads, increased from west to east and decreased from South to North, indicating OrM fungal abundance may be determined by geographical gradients. OrM fungal community composition varied according to precipitation, annual mean temperature, and soil phosphorous content. JSDMs revealed there were both positive and negative co-occurrences among these ubiquitous OrM fungal OTUs.

Main Conclusions

Despite associating with many OrM fungi across its range, only six OTUs were widespread, indicating that O. italica may be an apparent generalist in its association with OrM fungi. Abundance of OrM fungi is determined by geographical gradients and their community composition determined by ecological factors. This highlights the importance of quantifying the distribution of belowground mutualists in understanding the limits to plant distributions.

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

意大利兰菌根群落受生态因子和地理梯度的影响

目的共生生物对植物分布的影响才刚刚开始被了解。兰花的萌发依赖于兰花菌根真菌（OrM），但OrM真菌的分布及其如何根据非生物和生物因素而变化尚不清楚。研究了地中海兰（Orchis italica） OrM真菌群落的丰度和多样性，并量化了它们在地理和生态因素下的变化。地理位置地中海盆地。意大利兰花分类群。(兰科)。方法利用ITS2区元条形码技术，对地中海地区23个意大利稻居群中与成年个体相关的OrM真菌进行了跨纬度和纵向梯度的鉴定。我们采用基于地理、气候和土壤变量的多变量分析和联合物种分布模型（JSDMs）来测试常见OrM真菌及其群落如何根据地理和生态因素而变化。结果共鉴定出80个OrM真菌操作分类单元（OTUs）。在每个种群中均有5个土拉草科OTU和1个角鼻虫科OTU。这些分类群的丰度由西向东增加，由南向北减少，表明OrM真菌丰度可能由地理梯度决定。OrM真菌群落组成随降水量、年平均气温和土壤磷含量的变化而变化。JSDMs显示，这些普遍存在的OrM真菌otu存在阳性和阴性共现。尽管在其分布范围内与许多OrM真菌有关联，但只有6个otu广泛分布，表明意大利紫霉可能是OrM真菌的通才。OrM真菌的丰度由地理梯度决定，群落组成由生态因子决定。这突出了量化地下共生植物分布对理解植物分布限制的重要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Journal of Biogeography 环境科学-生态学

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

5.10%

发文量

203

审稿时长

2.2 months

期刊介绍： Papers dealing with all aspects of spatial, ecological and historical biogeography are considered for publication in Journal of Biogeography. The mission of the journal is to contribute to the growth and societal relevance of the discipline of biogeography through its role in the dissemination of biogeographical research.