The potential of perovskite solar cell-thermoelectric tandem devices†

Abstract

Integration of metal-halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with thermoelectrics (TEs) to form hybrid PSC-TE tandem devices presents a promising avenue for maximizing solar spectrum utilization. However, prevailing simulation models often rely on predetermined hot side temperatures and frequently overlook real-world performance analysis. Here, we present a comprehensive model for simulating the energy yield and temperature dynamics of the PSC-TE system. Our novel approach incorporates the thermal equilibrium equation to derive the steady-state temperature of the device through simulation. Additionally, we elucidate the significant contribution of background radiation to energy generation and explore the immense potential of PSC-TE tandem systems under various real-world conditions most relevant to practical applications. We demonstrate that PSC-TE tandems can achieve 5% improvement in power conversion efficiency (PCE) under normal conditions. And in some places like Antarctica, the PCE of tandem systems can reach 35.4% with consideration of optical loss, and up to 56.6% with the application of concentrator architecture. We also show their great advantages compared to pure photovoltaic devices in space, with improvement exceeding 50% in PCE; the tandem system can achieve a high PCE up to 76% with its strong ability to maintain device temperature (T_D) and use of background radiation. This proposed modeling framework provides a valuable tool for optimizing the design of PSC-TE tandem systems, with particular emphasis on thermal and optical management strategies.