Vertical transmission of Neospora caninum from three generations of naturally infected dairy cattle from Brazil

IF 1.4 Q3 PARASITOLOGY

Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101216

Juliana Correa Bernardes , Rafaela Maria Boson Jukevicz , Fernando Pietrini Soufen , Eloiza Teles Caldart , Thais Agostinho Martins , Beatriz de Souza Lima Nino , Fernando de Souza Rodrigues , Luiz Daniel de Barros , João Luis Garcia

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Abstract

Neospora caninum is a major cause of abortion in dairy cattle, and vertical transmission is considered the most relevant route. The present study aimed to evaluate the vertical transmission of N. caninum from three generations of naturally infected dairy cows. The indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) for IgG anti-N. caninum was used for the serodiagnosis, considering titles ≥100 as positive for cows and calves. A total of 152 pregnant dams were selected from farms in the State of São Paulo, and 37 (24.3 %), which gave birth to heifers were selected. These animals (first generation, F1) were divided into 18 (48.7 %) seropositive (1G+), and 19 (51.3 %) seronegative (1G-) animals. In the second generation (2G), sixteen calves (89 %) that were born from 1G+ were seropositive; however, no calves (0 %) were born positive from 1G-. The risk for vertical neosporosis transmission was approximately 34.6 times higher in 1G+ than in 1G- (OD = 34.6, IC 2.2–537, p < 0.00001). Finally, only four animals from 2G were followed up, and 3G (third generation) calves were born; three calves were sera positive from three positive cows (3/3, 100 %), and one negative cow did not transmit N. caninum to offspring. Herein, a higher risk of vertical transmission was observed in N. caninum sera-positive than in sera-negative cows.

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巴西三代自然感染奶牛的犬新孢子虫垂直传播

犬新孢子虫是奶牛流产的主要原因，垂直传播被认为是最相关的途径。本研究旨在评估三代自然感染奶牛的垂直传播。间接免疫荧光法检测IgG抗n。采用Caninum进行血清诊断，认为标题≥100为奶牛和小牛阳性。在圣保罗州的农场中，共有152只怀孕的水坝被选中，其中37只（24.3%）生了小母牛。这些动物（第一代，F1）分为血清阳性（1G+） 18只（48.7%）和血清阴性（1G-） 19只（51.3%）。在第二代（2G）中，16头（89%）1G+出生的小牛血清呈阳性；然而，没有小牛（0%）出生时携带1G-阳性。1G+组新孢子病垂直传播的风险约为1G-组的34.6倍(OD = 34.6, IC 2.2-537, p <；0.00001)。最后，只有4只来自2G的动物被随访，而3G（第三代）小牛出生；3头牛血清呈阳性（3/ 3,100 %），1头阴性牛未将犬奈瑟菌传给后代。因此，血清阳性的牛链球菌垂直传播的风险高于血清阴性的牛链球菌。

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来源期刊

Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports Multiple-

CiteScore

2.90

自引率

7.10%

发文量

126

审稿时长

97 days

期刊介绍： Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports focuses on aspects of veterinary parasitology that are of regional concern, which is especially important in this era of climate change and the rapid and often unconstrained travel of people and animals. Relative to regions, this journal will accept papers of the highest quality dealing with all aspects of disease prevention, pathology, treatment, epidemiology, and control of parasites within the field of veterinary medicine. Also, case reports will be considered as they add to information related to local disease and its control; such papers must be concise and represent appropriate medical intervention. Papers on veterinary parasitology from wildlife species are acceptable, but only if they relate to the practice of veterinary medicine. Studies on vector-borne bacterial and viral agents are suitable, but only if the paper deals with vector transmission of these organisms to domesticated animals. Studies dealing with parasite control by means of natural products, both in vivo and in vitro, are more suited for one of the many journals that now specialize in papers of this type. However, due to the regional nature of much of this research, submissions may be considered based upon a case being made by the author(s) to the Editor. Circumstances relating to animal experimentation must meet the International Guiding Principles for Biomedical Research Involving Animals as issued by the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (obtainable from: Executive Secretary C.I.O.M.S., c/o W.H.O., Via Appia, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland).