Stratification in Countries with Flatter (Institutional) Hierarchies? Insights from Administrative Data in Canada

IF 3.3 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH
David Zarifa, Yujiro Sano, Roger Pizarro Milian
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Researchers have repeatedly found that within modern higher education systems, students from wealthier backgrounds tend to be concentrated in the most advantageous sectors. Dubbed “effectively maintained inequality,” this process allows these groups to maintain a competitive advantage in the labor market by virtue of acquiring more elite credentials. But what happens in nations with flatter university hierarchies, where there is relatively modest vertical differentiation in the brand strength of domestic universities? Through this study, we provide the first national-level analysis of the relationship between parental income and access to more selective, better resourced, and higher ranking Canadian universities. We also assess the extent to which there is an earnings premium associated with attending these more elite institutions. Our results suggest there are few differences in the types of universities attended by Canadians from different economic strata. Moreover, any earnings premium associated with attending a more elite Canadian university disappears once we account for basic demographic and field of study controls. We theorize that Canadian universities’ flatter institutional hierarchy drives wealthy families to seek advantages through enrollment in elite majors (e.g., business, engineering) and other tactics that take place outside the higher education system.
等级制度扁平化国家的分层现象?来自加拿大行政数据的见解
研究人员反复发现,在现代高等教育体系中,来自富裕家庭的学生往往集中在最具优势的领域。这个过程被称为“有效维持的不平等”,它使这些群体通过获得更多的精英证书,在劳动力市场上保持竞争优势。但是,在大学等级比较扁平、国内大学品牌实力垂直差异相对较小的国家会发生什么呢?通过这项研究,我们首次在国家层面上分析了父母收入与进入更具选择性、资源更好、排名更高的加拿大大学之间的关系。我们还评估了就读这些更精英的大学所带来的收入溢价的程度。我们的研究结果表明,来自不同经济阶层的加拿大人所上的大学类型几乎没有差异。此外,一旦我们考虑到基本的人口统计和研究领域控制因素,与进入更精英的加拿大大学相关的任何收入溢价就消失了。我们的理论是,加拿大大学扁平化的制度等级驱使富裕家庭通过招收精英专业(如商业、工程)和其他在高等教育系统之外的策略来寻求优势。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.90
自引率
5.10%
发文量
15
期刊介绍: Sociology of Education (SOE) provides a forum for studies in the sociology of education and human social development. SOE publishes research that examines how social institutions and individuals’ experiences within these institutions affect educational processes and social development. Such research may span various levels of analysis, ranging from the individual to the structure of relations among social and educational institutions. In an increasingly complex society, important educational issues arise throughout the life cycle.
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