Data centers waste heat recovery technologies: Review and evaluation

IF 10.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Applied Energy Pub Date : 2025-02-08 DOI:10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125489

Yueting Hao , Haojie Zhou , Tong Tian , Wei Zhang , Xin Zhou , Qingfei Shen , Tong Wu , Ji Li

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

With a growing focus on energy-saving and emission-reduction efforts in data centers, waste heat recovery technology is urgently needed because of the high energy consumption in data centers. Considering the four-level architecture of data center energy efficiency management systems, a detailed review of waste heat flow in data centers and waste heat recovery technologies is conducted. To accurately calculate and compare the relative efficiency of different forms of waste heat recovery technologies, this work proposes a novel model based on exergy theory that first converts the waste heat recovery energy into the equivalent electrical energy as the basis for calculation. A new relative exergy efficiency indicator of waste heat recovery in term of the amount of equivalent electrical energy recovered from waste heat ε_re is then suggested and calculated for the comprehensive evaluation of currently available waste heat recovery technologies. The model can be used to evaluate system efficiency comprehensively. Meanwhile, it provides a reliable and feasible quantitative analysis for the selection and improvement of waste heat recovery systems, thus promoting data center energy management and carbon reduction.

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来源期刊

Applied Energy 工程技术-工程：化工

CiteScore

21.20

自引率

10.70%

发文量

1830

审稿时长

41 days

期刊介绍： Applied Energy serves as a platform for sharing innovations, research, development, and demonstrations in energy conversion, conservation, and sustainable energy systems. The journal covers topics such as optimal energy resource use, environmental pollutant mitigation, and energy process analysis. It welcomes original papers, review articles, technical notes, and letters to the editor. Authors are encouraged to submit manuscripts that bridge the gap between research, development, and implementation. The journal addresses a wide spectrum of topics, including fossil and renewable energy technologies, energy economics, and environmental impacts. Applied Energy also explores modeling and forecasting, conservation strategies, and the social and economic implications of energy policies, including climate change mitigation. It is complemented by the open-access journal Advances in Applied Energy.