Associations of carbohydrate quality and cardiovascular risk factors vary among diabetes subtypes.

IF 8.5 1区医学 Q1 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS

Cardiovascular Diabetology Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI:10.1186/s12933-025-02580-4

Katharina S Weber, Sabrina Schlesinger, Janina Goletzke, Klaus Straßburger, Oana-Patricia Zaharia, Sandra Trenkamp, Robert Wagner, Wolfgang Lieb, Anette E Buyken, Michael Roden, Christian Herder

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Abstract

Background: Assess the intake of carbohydrate quality and their association with cardiovascular risk factors among diabetes subtypes.

Methods: Participants of the German Diabetes Study (GDS) (recent-onset diabetes (n = 487) and 5-years thereafter (n = 209)) were allocated into severe autoimmune diabetes (SAID, 35%), severe insulin-deficient diabetes (SIDD, 3%), severe insulin-resistant diabetes (SIRD, 5%), mild obesity-related diabetes (MOD, 28%), and mild age-related diabetes (MARD, 29%). Dietary glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), and intake of higher- (≥ 55) and low-GI (< 55) foods, dietary fiber, and total sugar were derived from a validated food frequency questionnaire and cross-sectionally associated with cardiovascular risk factors (blood lipids, subclinical inflammation, blood pressure, fatty liver index) using multivariable linear regression analysis for subtypes with prevalences ≥ 10%.

Results: Intake of carbohydrate quality parameters was broadly comparable between the subtypes. Among SAID higher total sugar intake was associated with lower HDL-cholesterol (ß (95% CI) relative change per 1 SD increment: - 3.4% (- 6.7; - 0.1)). No clear associations were seen among MOD. Among MARD, a higher dietary GL and higher-GI carbohydrate intake were associated with higher serum triglycerides (10.9% (2.4; 20.1), 12.4% (3.9; 21.5)) and fatty liver index (absolute change: 0.18 (0.06; 0.31), 0.17 (0.05; 0.28)) and lower HDL-cholesterol (- 4.1% (- 7.6; - 0.4), - 4.4% (- 7.8; - 0.8)), whilst higher intake of low-GI carbohydrates and dietary fiber were associated with lower high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (- 16.0% (- 25.7; - 5.1), - 13.9% (- 24.2; - 2.2)).

Conclusions: Associations of carbohydrate quality parameters with blood lipids, subclinical inflammation, and fatty liver index differed between diabetes subtypes. However, evidence is too preliminary to derive subtype-specific recommendations.

Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01055093.

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来源期刊

Cardiovascular Diabetology 医学-内分泌学与代谢

CiteScore

12.30

自引率

15.10%

发文量

240

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Cardiovascular Diabetology is a journal that welcomes manuscripts exploring various aspects of the relationship between diabetes, cardiovascular health, and the metabolic syndrome. We invite submissions related to clinical studies, genetic investigations, experimental research, pharmacological studies, epidemiological analyses, and molecular biology research in this field.