{"title":"Compact generalized joined coupler matrix with orthogonal beams","authors":"Yang Xu, Y. Jay Guo","doi":"10.1049/ell2.70157","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>An analogue beamforming network, such as the Butler matrix can produce orthogonal beams, the peak of each beam being aligned with the nulls of all other beams. This is particularly important in scenarios requiring interference resilience in systems like base stations and user equipment. This paper presents a 3 × 5 Nolen-like generalized joined coupler (GJC) matrix to produce orthogonal beams with both compact size and flexibility. The phase shifters are integrated into couplers while the coupling value range of couplers are extended to achieve the required performance of the GJC matrix. A prototype GJC matrix is designed, simulated, fabricated, and measured. The measured results agree well with the simulation ones.</p>","PeriodicalId":11556,"journal":{"name":"Electronics Letters","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/ell2.70157","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Electronics Letters","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1049/ell2.70157","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
An analogue beamforming network, such as the Butler matrix can produce orthogonal beams, the peak of each beam being aligned with the nulls of all other beams. This is particularly important in scenarios requiring interference resilience in systems like base stations and user equipment. This paper presents a 3 × 5 Nolen-like generalized joined coupler (GJC) matrix to produce orthogonal beams with both compact size and flexibility. The phase shifters are integrated into couplers while the coupling value range of couplers are extended to achieve the required performance of the GJC matrix. A prototype GJC matrix is designed, simulated, fabricated, and measured. The measured results agree well with the simulation ones.
期刊介绍：
Electronics Letters is an internationally renowned peer-reviewed rapid-communication journal that publishes short original research papers every two weeks. Its broad and interdisciplinary scope covers the latest developments in all electronic engineering related fields including communication, biomedical, optical and device technologies. Electronics Letters also provides further insight into some of the latest developments through special features and interviews.
Scope
As a journal at the forefront of its field, Electronics Letters publishes papers covering all themes of electronic and electrical engineering. The major themes of the journal are listed below.
Antennas and Propagation
Biomedical and Bioinspired Technologies, Signal Processing and Applications
Control Engineering
Electromagnetism: Theory, Materials and Devices
Electronic Circuits and Systems
Image, Video and Vision Processing and Applications
Information, Computing and Communications
Instrumentation and Measurement
Microwave Technology
Optical Communications
Photonics and Opto-Electronics
Power Electronics, Energy and Sustainability
Radar, Sonar and Navigation
Semiconductor Technology
Signal Processing
MIMO
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