Estimation of evaporation in Andalusian reservoirs: Proposal of an index for the assessment and classification of dams

IF 5 2区地球科学 Q1 WATER RESOURCES

Journal of Hydrology-Regional Studies Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI:10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102224

Santiago García-López , Marcia Salazar-Rojas , Mercedes Vélez-Nicolás , Jorge. M.G.P. Isidoro , Verónica Ruiz-Ortiz

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Abstract

Study region

This study focuses on Andalusia (Southern Spain), a mediterranean region of 87,270 km². Andalusia experiences significant water stress, making effective water management crucial.

Study focus

Evaporation is a key element of the water budget, particularly in arid and semi-arid climates, where losses from reservoirs represent a significant fraction of the volume annually regulated and compromise the efficiency of these infrastructures. This study aims to (i) estimate the annual volume of water evaporated from large dams (> 5 hm³) in Andalusia and (ii) propose an index to classify reservoirs based on evaporative losses.

New hydrological insights for the region

Data from 76 large dams in Andalusia, including their descriptive characteristics, morphometric details, and hydrological information, were retrieved from institutional sources. The monthly average flooded area was calculated from the Area-Volume-Elevation (AVE) curve, while monthly average evaporation rate was calculated through the FAO Penman-Monteith equation using meteorological data. The combination of both variables has allowed to estimate the mean monthly volume of water evaporated in each reservoir. Results were validated with isotopic content (¹⁸O and ²H) from selected reservoirs. The annual average volume evaporated from Andalusian reservoirs was estimated at 547 hm³/year (8.0 % of the inflows). Evaporative losses represent 1.1 % of inflows in the most efficient reservoirs, while in others, losses exceed 30 %, reaching 54 % in the most extreme case.

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安达卢西亚水库蒸发量的估算：水坝评估和分类指标的建议

研究区域本研究的重点是安达卢西亚（西班牙南部），一个面积为87,270 平方公里的地中海地区。安达卢西亚经历了巨大的水资源压力，因此有效的水资源管理至关重要。蒸发是水收支的一个关键因素，特别是在干旱和半干旱气候中，水库的损失占每年调节水量的很大一部分，并损害了这些基础设施的效率。本研究旨在(i)估计大型水坝每年蒸发的水量(>；(2)提出了一种根据蒸发损失对储层进行分类的指数。从机构资源中检索了安达卢西亚76座大型水坝的数据，包括它们的描述特征、形态测量细节和水文信息。月平均淹没面积采用面积-体积-高程（AVE）曲线计算，月平均蒸发速率采用FAO Penman-Monteith方程，利用气象资料计算。这两个变量的组合使我们能够估计每个水库的月平均蒸发水量。用所选储层的同位素含量（¹⁸O和²H）对结果进行了验证。安达卢西亚水库的年平均蒸发量估计为547 hm3/年（占流入量的8.0 %）。在最有效的油藏中，蒸发损失占流入量的1.1 %，而在其他油藏中，蒸发损失超过30 %，在最极端的情况下达到54 %。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Hydrology-Regional Studies Earth and Planetary Sciences-Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)

CiteScore

6.70

自引率

8.50%

发文量

284

审稿时长

60 days

期刊介绍： Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies publishes original research papers enhancing the science of hydrology and aiming at region-specific problems, past and future conditions, analysis, review and solutions. The journal particularly welcomes research papers that deliver new insights into region-specific hydrological processes and responses to changing conditions, as well as contributions that incorporate interdisciplinarity and translational science.