In-Vitro Antimicrobial Susceptibility Results of Brucella Species in Eastern Türkiye

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Brucellosis stands as the prevalent zoonotic infection globally. This disease places substantial economic burdens and presents challenges to public health. Regular monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibilities is crucial due to documented instances of treatment failures, relapses, and resistance observed in studies.

AIM

The study aimed to assess the sensitivity of antimicrobial agents against Brucella spp.

METHODS

Between January 2023 and June 2024, 45 Brucella isolates were included. Species identification was achieved 16S rRNA analysis. The strains were inoculated on Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with 5% horse blood and β-NAD, followed by incubation with eight antibiotic discs. The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) 2024 guideline was used.

RESULTS

Among 45 participants, 46.7% were women and 53.3% were men, with an average age of 41.3 years (±15.6). Species determination through 16S rRNA analysis revealed Brucella melitensis in 36 (80%) patients and Brucella abortus in 9 (20%) patients. Gentamicin, rifampicin, ceftriaxone, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and streptomycin were detected sensitive. Levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were determined susceptible increased exposure 84.5% and 95.6% rate respectively. No difference was detected between Brucella melitensis and Brucella abortus regarding their susceptibility to antimicrobial agents (Table 1).

CONCLUSION

Our study predominantly identified increased exposure patterns for ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, suggesting that quinolone resistance could pose future challenges in treating brucellosis. Monitoring antibiotic resistance in Brucella isolates is crucial for disease management. Regular surveillance of resistance distribution and prevalence among isolates in endemic countries is essential. This data could inform updates to treatment guidelines and aid in disease control efforts.