Syphilis renaissance: Truth or mirage. Analysis of syphilis trends and possible factors from a tertiary care centre in North India.

IF 3.2 4区 医学 Q2 DERMATOLOGY
Narayanan Baskaran, Muthu Sendhil Kumaran, Tarun Narang, Sanjeev Handa
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background Syphilis has shown a recent resurgence globally, including in India. However, inconsistency in the data and diagnostic criteria used, especially in India and developing countries, hinders ideal understanding. Factors responsible for this surge need to be explored. Objectives This study aimed to assess the trends and describe the clinicodemographic characteristics of syphilis cases seen in a tertiary care health centre from Northern India. Methods This is a retrospective chart review of syphilis patients registered in our sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinic spanning 13 years from January 2011 to December 2023. Complete demographic details, sexual history, clinical examination and laboratory investigations of all syphilis cases, including associated STIs, were retrieved. Results The retrospective analysis included 2000 records, of which 324 were confirmed syphilis cases (16.2% of total STI cases). Patients' mean age was 30.9 ± 9.9 years, of which 80.9% were male and 64.2% were married. Education level varied, with professionals comprising 22.2% of the total cohort. Premarital and extramarital exposure were present in 35.8% and 32.7% patients, respectively; over half (56.8%) reported multiple partners and 13% were homosexual. There was an initial plateau in the number of confirmed syphilis attending the clinic (2011-2019), a decrease during 2020-2021 due to COVID and significant increase from 2022 onwards. Latent syphilis was the most common (66.7%), followed by secondary (18.8%) and primary (8.9%). In all, 36.1% of syphilis patients had associated STIs, with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection being the most prevalent (25.0%). Limitation Retrospective nature of the study is major limitation. Rising trend needs validation with population-based studies to establish if the rise is true or a shadow phenomenon. Conclusion A resurgence of syphilis cases has appeared in the past two years, with latent syphilis contributing to the majority of cases. Possible factors for the surge include changing sexual behaviour, including male having sex with male (MSM), early adolescent sexual exposure, increased screening for latent syphilis, increased healthcare accessibility post-COVID-19 pandemic, and HIV co-infection.

梅毒文艺复兴:是真还是幻。印度北部某三级保健中心梅毒趋势及可能因素分析
梅毒最近在全球范围内死灰复燃,包括在印度。然而,数据和诊断标准的不一致,特别是在印度和发展中国家,阻碍了理想的理解。需要探索造成这种激增的因素。目的:本研究旨在评估印度北部三级保健中心梅毒病例的趋势和临床人口学特征。方法回顾性分析2011年1月至2023年12月13年间在我院性传播感染(STI)门诊登记的梅毒患者。检索所有梅毒病例的完整人口统计细节、性史、临床检查和实验室调查,包括相关的性传播感染。结果回顾性分析2000例病例,其中梅毒确诊病例324例,占性病病例总数的16.2%。患者平均年龄30.9±9.9岁,男性占80.9%,已婚占64.2%。受教育程度各不相同,专业人士占总队列的22.2%。婚前接触者占35.8%,婚外接触者占32.7%;超过一半(56.8%)的人有多个性伴侣,13%的人是同性恋。2011-2019年,就诊的确诊梅毒患者数量出现了最初的平台期,由于COVID, 2020-2021年期间有所减少,从2022年起显著增加。潜伏性梅毒最常见(66.7%),其次是继发性梅毒(18.8%)和原发性梅毒(8.9%)。总体而言,36.1%的梅毒患者伴有性传播感染,其中人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染最为普遍(25.0%)。本研究的主要局限性是回顾性研究。上升趋势需要以人口为基础的研究来验证,以确定上升是真实的还是一种影子现象。结论近两年梅毒病例有所回升,以潜伏性梅毒为主。激增的可能因素包括性行为的改变,包括男性与男性发生性行为、青少年早期性接触、潜伏梅毒筛查的增加、covid -19大流行后医疗保健可及性的提高以及艾滋病毒合并感染。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.10
自引率
10.30%
发文量
247
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Indian Association of Dermatologists, Venereologists & Leprologists (IADVL) is the national association of Indian medical specialists who manage patients with skin disorders, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) or leprosy. The current member strength of the association is about 3800. The association works for the betterment of the specialty by holding academic meetings, printing a journal and publishing a textbook. The IADVL has several state branches, each with their own office bearers, which function independently within the constitution of the IADVL. Established in 1940, the Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology (IJDVL, ISSN 0378-6323) is the official publication of the IADVL (Indian Association of Dermatologists, Venereologists and Leprologists).
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