Optimal sleep: a key element in maintaining a healthy bodyweight.

IF 7.6 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS
Wendy L Hall
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Abstract

As obesity rates rise globally, addressing modifiable lifestyle factors, such as sleep, presents an opportunity for public health interventions. This review explores the growing evidence linking sleep duration, quality and timing with weight management and dietary behaviours throughout the life course. Observational studies associate short or irregular sleep with increased obesity risk, poor diet quality and metabolic disturbances. Plausible mechanisms include decreased physical activity, heightened hedonic and/or emotional eating, dysregulated appetite signals and circadian misalignment of metabolism, which contribute to a positive energy balance. Unravelling the bidirectional relationship between sleep and weight is challenging; poor sleep exacerbates weight gain, while obesity-related comorbidities such as obstructive sleep apnoea further impair sleep. Despite promising evidence from sleep-restriction studies showing increased energy intake, long-term randomised controlled trials (RCTs) examining interventions designed to improve sleep with weight management as an outcome are lacking. A handful of short-term interventions suggest benefits in reducing energy intake or improving dietary quality, but their effects on weight loss remain inconclusive. This review calls for robust, well-powered RCTs that integrate sleep, diet and physical activity interventions to evaluate the potential of sleep as a core component of obesity prevention and treatment strategies. Currently, there is insufficient evidence to support sleep-focused interventions as a mandatory element in clinical weight-management programmes.

随着全球肥胖率的上升,解决可改变的生活方式因素,如睡眠,为公共卫生干预提供了机会。这篇综述探讨了越来越多的证据将睡眠时间、质量和时间与整个生命过程中的体重管理和饮食行为联系起来。观察性研究将睡眠不足或不规律与肥胖风险增加、饮食质量差和代谢紊乱联系起来。可能的机制包括体力活动减少、享乐性和/或情绪性饮食增加、食欲信号失调以及新陈代谢的昼夜节律失调,这些都有助于正能量平衡。揭示睡眠和体重之间的双向关系是具有挑战性的;睡眠不足会加剧体重增加,而与肥胖相关的合并症,如阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停症,会进一步损害睡眠。尽管来自睡眠限制研究的有希望的证据表明能量摄入增加,但长期随机对照试验(rct)却缺乏旨在改善睡眠并以体重管理为结果的干预措施。一些短期干预措施表明在减少能量摄入或改善饮食质量方面有好处,但它们对减肥的影响仍不确定。这篇综述呼吁进行强有力的随机对照试验,将睡眠、饮食和身体活动干预相结合,以评估睡眠作为肥胖预防和治疗策略核心组成部分的潜力。目前,没有足够的证据支持以睡眠为重点的干预措施作为临床体重管理计划的强制性要素。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
15.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
190
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Proceedings of the Nutrition Society publishes papers and abstracts presented by members and invited speakers at the scientific meetings of The Nutrition Society. The journal provides an invaluable record of the scientific research currently being undertaken, contributing to ''the scientific study of nutrition and its application to the maintenance of human and animal health.'' The journal is of interest to academics, researchers and clinical practice workers in both human and animal nutrition and related fields.
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