Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Cancer Survivors: Current Evidence, Risk Prediction, Prevention, and Management.

Q2 Medicine
Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-19 DOI:10.12997/jla.2025.14.1.30
Arum Choi, Subin Kim, Seonji Kim, Iksung Cho, Min Jae Cha, Seng Chan You
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

While advances in cancer treatment have led to improved survival rates, cancer survivors are at a significant risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). This review examines the risk, diagnosis, and prevention of ASCVD in this population. Cancer survivors, especially those diagnosed with certain types, face a significantly higher risk of developing ASCVD than the general population. We introduce the "triad model" to explain this increased risk of ASCVD among cancer patients. This model includes three interconnected components: common catalysts, cancer influence, and treatment impact. The factors contributing to this model are the shared risk factors between cancer and ASCVD, such as smoking, obesity, and systemic inflammation; the direct effects of cancer on cardiovascular health through chronic systemic inflammation and endothelial damage; and the significant effects of anticancer treatments, including chemotherapy and radiation, which can worsen cardiovascular complications and hasten the progression of ASCVD. Furthermore, cancer survivors are at a higher risk of developing and dying from ASCVD, highlighting the necessity for tailored guidelines and strategies for ASCVD prevention and management in this population. The review explores the utility of diagnostic tools, such as coronary artery calcium scoring, in predicting and managing ASCVD risk. It also emphasizes the importance of prevention strategies that include regular cardiovascular monitoring and lifestyle modifications. Finally, the relationship between cancer survival and cardiovascular health highlights the importance of integrated and comprehensive care approaches. Continued research, the development of prediction models, and specific preventative strategies are essential to improve cancer survivors' overall health outcomes.

癌症幸存者的动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病:目前的证据、风险预测、预防和管理。
虽然癌症治疗的进步提高了生存率,但癌症幸存者患动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病(ASCVD)的风险很大。本文综述了这一人群中ASCVD的风险、诊断和预防。癌症幸存者,特别是那些被诊断为某些类型的癌症幸存者,患ASCVD的风险明显高于一般人群。我们引入“三元模型”来解释癌症患者中ASCVD风险的增加。该模型包括三个相互关联的组成部分:常见催化剂、癌症影响和治疗影响。促成该模型的因素是癌症和ASCVD之间的共同危险因素,如吸烟、肥胖和全身性炎症;癌症通过慢性全身炎症和内皮损伤对心血管健康的直接影响;以及化疗和放疗等抗癌治疗的显著效果,这些治疗会加重心血管并发症并加速ASCVD的进展。此外,癌症幸存者患ASCVD和死于ASCVD的风险更高,这突出了在这一人群中针对ASCVD预防和管理制定量身定制的指南和策略的必要性。这篇综述探讨了诊断工具,如冠状动脉钙评分,在预测和管理ASCVD风险中的应用。它还强调了包括定期心血管监测和改变生活方式在内的预防策略的重要性。最后,癌症生存与心血管健康之间的关系强调了综合综合护理方法的重要性。持续的研究、预测模型的发展和具体的预防策略对于改善癌症幸存者的整体健康状况至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis
Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis Medicine-Internal Medicine
CiteScore
6.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
26
审稿时长
12 weeks
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