Relationship between preconception protein intake and gestational diabetes mellitus: The Japan Environment and Children's Study

IF 4.3 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.dsx.2025.103200

Takahiro Omoto , Hyo Kyozuka , Tsuyoshi Murata , Toma Fukuda , Hirotaka Isogami , Chihiro Okoshi , Shun Yasuda , Akiko Yamaguchi , Akiko Sato , Yuka Ogata , Yuichi Nagasaka , Mitsuaki Hosoya , Seiji Yasumura , Koichi Hashimoto , Hidekazu Nishigori , Keiya Fujimori , the Japan Environment and Children's Study Group

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aims

To investigate the relationship between preconception protein intake and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods

We analyzed data from the Japan Environment and Children's Study, focusing on 80,346 participants (mean age 31.3 ± 4.9 years; mean body mass index 21.2 ± 3.2 kg/m²) who delivered between 2011 and 2014. These participants had no history of diabetes mellitus, no previous diagnosis of GDM, and did not use steroids during pregnancy. Participants were categorized into five groups based on preconception protein energy ratio quintiles (Q1 and Q5 represent the lowest and highest intake, respectively). Continuous variables were compared using one-way analysis of variance or the Kruskal–Wallis test, and categorical variables using chi-square tests. Primary outcomes were GDM, early-diagnosed GDM (Ed-GDM, diagnosed at <24 weeks), and late-diagnosed GDM (Ld-GDM, diagnosed at >24 weeks). Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using logistic regression analysis with the middle quintile (Q3) as the reference.

Results

Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that using the Q3 group as the reference, the Q5 group had a higher risk of Ed-GDM (aOR 1.48, 95 % CI 1.06–2.07), whereas the Q1 group had a lower risk of Ed-GDM (aOR 0.69, 95 % CI 0.48–0.996). However, no significant differences were observed in the risk of GDM and Ld-GDM.

Conclusions

Higher preconception protein intake was associated with increased Ed-GDM risk. Further research is needed to refine dietary recommendations for preconception protein intake.

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来源期刊

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome-Clinical Research & Reviews ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM-

CiteScore

22.90

自引率

2.00%

发文量

248

审稿时长

51 days

期刊介绍： Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews is the official journal of DiabetesIndia. It aims to provide a global platform for healthcare professionals, diabetes educators, and other stakeholders to submit their research on diabetes care. Types of Publications: Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews publishes peer-reviewed original articles, reviews, short communications, case reports, letters to the Editor, and expert comments. Reviews and mini-reviews are particularly welcomed for areas within endocrinology undergoing rapid changes.