Learning by Example: Does Positive Nonverbal Behavior Reduce Children's Racial Bias?

IF 3.1 1区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL
Antonya M. Gonzalez, Allison L. Skinner, Andrew Scott Baron
{"title":"Learning by Example: Does Positive Nonverbal Behavior Reduce Children's Racial Bias?","authors":"Antonya M. Gonzalez,&nbsp;Allison L. Skinner,&nbsp;Andrew Scott Baron","doi":"10.1111/desc.13614","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n <p>Nonverbal behavior is a ubiquitous, everyday cue that is often used as a basis for social evaluation. Numerous studies indicate that children are sensitive to these signals and form evaluative judgments after viewing positive or negative nonverbal cues directed toward a target. Furthermore, they generalize these judgments to other members of a targets’ social group, indicating that nonverbal behavior displays can influence intergroup bias. However, no studies thus far have directly examined whether exposure to positive nonverbal behavior cues can reduce children's implicit and explicit racial bias. In the current study, we exposed White and Asian children ages 9–11 to positive nonverbal behavior displayed by a White expresser toward a Black target, drawn from children's television shows. Children demonstrated a pro-White/anti-Black bias implicitly, but explicitly preferred Black over White characters. Additionally, children judged Black characters from the clips and novel Black characters positively. We found that there was no difference in implicit or explicit racial bias between children who viewed positive nonverbal behavior demonstrated by a White expresser to a Black target as compared to children who were only exposed to a Black target (and no nonverbal cues) or unrelated video clips. Future research examining the influence of positive nonverbal behavior on children's racial bias should consider using more overt or prolonged demonstrations of positive nonverbal behavior or increasing children's familiarity with the characters presented.</p>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":48392,"journal":{"name":"Developmental Science","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Developmental Science","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/desc.13614","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Nonverbal behavior is a ubiquitous, everyday cue that is often used as a basis for social evaluation. Numerous studies indicate that children are sensitive to these signals and form evaluative judgments after viewing positive or negative nonverbal cues directed toward a target. Furthermore, they generalize these judgments to other members of a targets’ social group, indicating that nonverbal behavior displays can influence intergroup bias. However, no studies thus far have directly examined whether exposure to positive nonverbal behavior cues can reduce children's implicit and explicit racial bias. In the current study, we exposed White and Asian children ages 9–11 to positive nonverbal behavior displayed by a White expresser toward a Black target, drawn from children's television shows. Children demonstrated a pro-White/anti-Black bias implicitly, but explicitly preferred Black over White characters. Additionally, children judged Black characters from the clips and novel Black characters positively. We found that there was no difference in implicit or explicit racial bias between children who viewed positive nonverbal behavior demonstrated by a White expresser to a Black target as compared to children who were only exposed to a Black target (and no nonverbal cues) or unrelated video clips. Future research examining the influence of positive nonverbal behavior on children's racial bias should consider using more overt or prolonged demonstrations of positive nonverbal behavior or increasing children's familiarity with the characters presented.

以身作则:积极的非语言行为能减少儿童的种族偏见吗?
非语言行为是一种无处不在的日常暗示,经常被用作社会评价的基础。许多研究表明,儿童对这些信号很敏感,并在看到指向目标的积极或消极的非语言暗示后形成评估性判断。此外,他们将这些判断推广到目标社会群体的其他成员,这表明非语言行为表现可以影响群体间偏见。然而,到目前为止,还没有研究直接检验接触积极的非语言行为线索是否能减少儿童内隐和外显的种族偏见。在目前的研究中,我们让9-11岁的白人和亚洲儿童观看白人表达者对黑人目标的积极非语言行为,这些目标来自儿童电视节目。儿童隐含地表现出亲白人/反黑人的偏见,但明确地表现出对黑人角色的偏爱。此外,儿童对短片中的黑人角色和小说中的黑人角色有积极的评价。我们发现,与只看黑人目标(没有非语言提示)或无关视频片段的儿童相比,观看白人表达者对黑人目标表现出的积极非语言行为的儿童在隐性或显性种族偏见方面没有差异。未来研究积极的非语言行为对儿童种族偏见的影响应该考虑使用更公开或更长时间的积极的非语言行为示范,或增加儿童对所呈现的角色的熟悉程度。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
CiteScore
8.10
自引率
8.10%
发文量
132
期刊介绍: Developmental Science publishes cutting-edge theory and up-to-the-minute research on scientific developmental psychology from leading thinkers in the field. It is currently the only journal that specifically focuses on human developmental cognitive neuroscience. Coverage includes: - Clinical, computational and comparative approaches to development - Key advances in cognitive and social development - Developmental cognitive neuroscience - Functional neuroimaging of the developing brain
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信