Single-cell omics in inflammatory bowel disease: recent insights and future clinical applications.

IF 23 1区 医学 Q1 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
Gut Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI:10.1136/gutjnl-2024-334165
Victoria Gudiño, Raquel Bartolomé-Casado, Azucena Salas
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), which include ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), are chronic conditions characterised by inflammation of the intestinal tract. Alterations in virtually all intestinal cell types, including immune, epithelial and stromal cells, have been described in these diseases. The study of IBD has historically relied on bulk transcriptomics, but this method averages signals across diverse cell types, limiting insights. Single-cell omic technologies overcome the intrinsic limitations of bulk analysis and reveal the complexity of multicellular tissues at a cell-by-cell resolution. Within healthy and inflamed intestinal tissues, single-cell omics, particularly single-cell RNA sequencing, have contributed to uncovering novel cell types and cell functions linked to disease activity or the development of complications. Collectively, these results help identify therapeutic targets in difficult-to-treat complications such as fibrostenosis, creeping fat accumulation, perianal fistulae or inflammation of the pouch. More recently, single-cell omics have gradually been adopted in studies to understand therapeutic responses, identify mechanisms of drug failure and potentially develop predictors with clinical utility. Although these are early days, such studies lay the groundwork for the implementation in clinical practice of new technologies in diagnostics, monitoring and prediction of disease prognosis. With this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive survey of the studies that have applied single-cell omics to the study of UC or CD, and offer our perspective on the main findings these studies contribute. Finally, we discuss the limitations and potential benefits that the integration of single-cell omics into clinical practice and drug development could offer.

单细胞组学在炎症性肠病中的应用:最近的见解和未来的临床应用。
炎症性肠病(IBDs)包括溃疡性结肠炎(UC)和克罗恩病(CD),是一种以肠道炎症为特征的慢性疾病。在这些疾病中,几乎所有的肠细胞类型,包括免疫细胞、上皮细胞和基质细胞都发生了改变。IBD的研究历来依赖于大量转录组学,但这种方法平均了不同细胞类型的信号,限制了洞察力。单细胞组学技术克服了批量分析的固有局限性,并以细胞为单位的分辨率揭示了多细胞组织的复杂性。在健康和发炎的肠道组织中,单细胞组学,特别是单细胞RNA测序,有助于发现与疾病活动或并发症发展相关的新细胞类型和细胞功能。总的来说,这些结果有助于确定难以治疗的并发症的治疗靶点,如纤维狭窄、蠕动脂肪堆积、肛周瘘或眼袋炎症。最近,单细胞组学逐渐被应用于研究中,以了解治疗反应,确定药物失败的机制,并有可能开发具有临床应用价值的预测因子。虽然这些研究还处于早期阶段,但这些研究为在诊断、监测和预测疾病预后方面的新技术在临床实践中的应用奠定了基础。本文旨在对单细胞组学应用于UC或CD研究的研究进行综述,并对这些研究的主要发现提出我们的观点。最后,我们讨论了将单细胞组学整合到临床实践和药物开发中可能提供的局限性和潜在益处。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Gut
Gut 医学-胃肠肝病学
CiteScore
45.70
自引率
2.40%
发文量
284
审稿时长
1.5 months
期刊介绍: Gut is a renowned international journal specializing in gastroenterology and hepatology, known for its high-quality clinical research covering the alimentary tract, liver, biliary tree, and pancreas. It offers authoritative and current coverage across all aspects of gastroenterology and hepatology, featuring articles on emerging disease mechanisms and innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches authored by leading experts. As the flagship journal of BMJ's gastroenterology portfolio, Gut is accompanied by two companion journals: Frontline Gastroenterology, focusing on education and practice-oriented papers, and BMJ Open Gastroenterology for open access original research.
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