Cabozantinib in the Treatment of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Insights across Different Tumor Origins.

IF 3.2 2区医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Neuroendocrinology Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI:10.1159/000543953

Giovanni Vitale, Ilona Rybinska, Giulia Arrivi, Vincenzo Marotta, Gianfranco Di Iasi, Alessia Filice, Christopher Nardi, Annamaria Colao, Antongiulio Faggiano

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a heterogeneous group of tumors arising from neuroendocrine cells, exhibiting a wide range of behaviors from indolent to highly aggressive forms. Treatment options remain limited, particularly for progressive cases. Cabozantinib, a multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has demonstrated potential in targeting key pathways related to tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis.

Summary: This review provides a comprehensive analysis of cabozantinib's therapeutic role across various NEN subtypes, including gastroenteropancreatic NENs, lung NENs, pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas, Merkel cell carcinoma, presacral NENs, pituitary neuroendocrine tumors, and neuroendocrine prostate cancer.

Key messages: The paper discusses several preclinical and clinical studies that demonstrate the efficacy of cabozantinib in slowing tumor progression and improving progression-free survival, particularly in patients with progressive, well-differentiated NENs. However, cabozantinib's complex toxicity profile limits its broad application, necessitating further research to optimize dosing, particularly in syndromic NENs. Ongoing trials are investigating cabozantinib in combination with somatostatin analogs, peptide receptor radionuclide therapy, temozolomide, and immunotherapies in order to overcome treatment resistance and expanding therapeutic strategies for advanced NENs.

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卡博赞替尼治疗神经内分泌肿瘤：不同肿瘤来源的见解。

背景：神经内分泌肿瘤（NENs）是由神经内分泌细胞引起的一组异质性肿瘤，表现出从惰性到高度侵袭性的多种行为。治疗选择仍然有限，特别是对于进展性病例。Cabozantinib是一种多靶点酪氨酸激酶抑制剂，已被证明具有靶向与肿瘤生长、血管生成和转移相关的关键途径的潜力。摘要：本综述全面分析了卡博赞替尼对各种NEN亚型的治疗作用，包括胃肠胰腺NEN、肺NEN、嗜色素细胞瘤/副神经节瘤、默克尔细胞癌、骶前NEN、垂体神经内分泌肿瘤和神经内分泌前列腺癌。关键信息：本文讨论了几项临床前和临床研究，这些研究证明了cabozantinib在减缓肿瘤进展和改善无进展生存方面的有效性，特别是在进展性、高分化的NENs患者中。然而，cabozantinib的复杂毒性限制了其广泛应用，需要进一步研究以优化剂量，特别是在综合征性nen中。正在进行的试验正在研究cabozantinib与生长抑素类似物、肽受体放射性核素治疗、替莫唑胺和免疫疗法联合使用，以克服治疗耐药性并扩大晚期NENs的治疗策略。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Neuroendocrinology 医学-内分泌学与代谢

CiteScore

8.30

自引率

2.40%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： ''Neuroendocrinology'' publishes papers reporting original research in basic and clinical neuroendocrinology. The journal explores the complex interactions between neuronal networks and endocrine glands (in some instances also immunecells) in both central and peripheral nervous systems. Original contributions cover all aspects of the field, from molecular and cellular neuroendocrinology, physiology, pharmacology, and the neuroanatomy of neuroendocrine systems to neuroendocrine correlates of behaviour, clinical neuroendocrinology and neuroendocrine cancers. Readers also benefit from reviews by noted experts, which highlight especially active areas of current research, and special focus editions of topical interest.