A Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial to Determine the Effects of Three Nostril-Regulated Breathing Practices on Attention and Mood.

IF 1.1 4区医学 Q3 INTEGRATIVE & COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE

Complementary Medicine Research Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI:10.1159/000543934

Kumar Gandharva, Sachin Kumar Sharma, Acharya Balkrishna, Shirley Telles

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Previous studies on nostril-regulated breathing have contrasting findings attributed to lack of controls or not taking into account baseline nostril patency. This randomized crossover study on the effects of three nostril-regulated yoga breathing practices and two controls on mood states and attention attempted to address these issues.

Materials and methods: Forty-five participants between 20 and 45 years (group mean age ± SD; 24.3 ± 3.8 years; M:F: 23:22) were assessed in five sessions in random order on five separate days. Nostril patency-recorded pre-interventions in 225 sessions showed right nostril dominant at rest (RNDR) in 136 and left nostril dominant at rest (LNDR) in 89 sessions. The sessions were (i) SAV or right uninostril breathing, (ii) CAV or left uninostril breathing, (iii) AV or alternate nostril yoga breathing, (iv) breath awareness, and (v) quiet seated rest (QS). The practices were for 15 min each. Nostril patency was recorded pre, and Brief Mood Introspection Scale (BMIS), Global Vigor and Affect Scale (GVAS), and Six-Letter Cancellation Test (SLCT) were recorded pre- and post-each session. Data analysis used general linear mixed model analysis, with fixed effects of states (pre and post), sessions, and baseline nostril dominance (right or left).

Results: A significant interaction of sessions, states, and nostril dominance at baseline was observed for total global affect (F9,396.194 = 2.871, p = 0.003) which increased after SAV, CAV, AV, and QS in participants' RNDR (padj < 0.05 in all cases). A significant main effect of states was observed followed by significant post hoc pairwise comparison in RNDR for (i) pleasant mood after SAV, CAV, AV, and QS, (ii) positive mood after SAV and AV, (iii) global vigor (GV) after SAV, CAV, AV, and QS, and (iv) a decrease in negative mood after CAV and AV, while the volunteers who had LNDR showed a significant increase in (i) PU after CAV, AV, and QR, (ii) PT after CAV, and (iii) GV after CAV and QS.

Conclusion: Nostril dominance pre-intervention appears to influence the effects of nostril-regulated yoga breathing practices.

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一项确定三种鼻孔调节呼吸练习对注意力和情绪影响的随机对照交叉试验。

背景：先前关于鼻孔调节呼吸的研究有不同的结果，归因于缺乏控制或未考虑基线鼻孔通畅。这项随机交叉研究对三种调节鼻孔的瑜伽呼吸练习和两种控制情绪状态和注意力的效果进行了研究，试图解决这些问题。材料与方法：受试者45例，年龄在20 ~ 45岁之间(组平均年龄±SD；24.3±3.8年;M;F 23:22)在5天内随机进行5次评估。225次干预前记录的鼻孔通畅情况显示，在休息时右鼻孔占主导地位（RNDR） 136次，在休息时左鼻孔占主导地位（LNDR） 89次。这些阶段分别是：(i)单鼻孔呼吸法或右鼻孔呼吸法，（ii）单鼻孔呼吸法或左鼻孔呼吸法，（iii）单鼻孔呼吸法或鼻孔交替呼吸法，（iv）呼吸意识（BAW），以及(v)安静坐着休息（QS）。每次练习15分钟。在每次治疗前和治疗后分别记录鼻孔开度、简短情绪自省量表（BMIS）、整体活力和情绪量表（GVA）和六字母消除测试（SLCT）。数据分析采用一般线性混合模型分析，固定状态（前后），会话和基线鼻孔优势（右或左）的影响。结果：实验阶段、状态和基线时的鼻孔优势对总体情绪（GA）有显著的交互作用（f9396.194 =2.871, p=0.003），在参与者静止时右鼻孔优势（NDR）的SAV、CAV、AV和QS后总体情绪（GA）增加(结论：鼻孔优势干预前似乎影响了鼻孔调节呼吸练习的效果。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Complementary Medicine Research Medicine-Complementary and Alternative Medicine

CiteScore

2.90

自引率

5.60%

发文量

期刊介绍： Aims and Scope ''Complementary Medicine Research'' is an international journal that aims to bridge the gap between conventional medicine and complementary/alternative medicine (CAM) on a sound scientific basis, promoting their mutual integration. Accordingly, experts of both conventional medicine and CAM medicine cooperate on the journal‘s editorial board, which accepts papers only after a rigorous peer-review process in order to maintain a high standard of scientific quality. Spectrum of ''Complementary Medicine Research'': - Review and Original Articles, Case Reports and Essays regarding complementary practice and methods - Journal Club: Analysis and discussion of internationally published articles in complementary medicine - Editorials of leading experts in complementary medicine - Questions of complementary patient-centered care - Education in complementary medicine - Reports on important meetings and conferences - Society Bulletins of Schweizerische Medizinische Gesellschaft für Phytotherapie (SMGP) and Deutsche Gesellschaft für Naturheilkunde Bibliographic Details Complementary Medicine Research Journal Abbreviation: Complement Med Res ISSN: 2504-2092 (Print) e-ISSN: 2504-2106 (Online) DOI: 10.1159/issn.2504-2092 www.karger.com/CMR