Improving yield and profit in smallholder oil palm fields through better agronomy

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agricultural Systems Pub Date : 2025-02-02 DOI:10.1016/j.agsy.2025.104269

Hendra Sugianto , Christopher R. Donough , Juan P. Monzon , Sunawan , Iput Pradiko , Ya Li Lim , Fatima A. Tenorio , Gonzalo Rizzo , Suroso Rahutomo , Fahmuddin Agus , Setiari Marwanto , Maja Slingerland , James Cock , Patricio Grassini

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

CONTEXT

Palm oil production is a major source of income for millions of smallholders in Indonesia, the main palm oil producing country in the world. However, smallholders' yield is low in relation to the attainable yield. Adoption of better management practices (BMPs) as an approach to increase yield and profit has received less attention than certification and replanting programs.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the impact of BMP on yield and profit and associated physiological and agronomic drivers in smallholder fields in Indonesia.

METHODS

We evaluated BMP against the farmer reference management (REF) on 30 paired fields over four years in five provinces in Indonesia. The BMP treatment included improved harvest, weed, soil, and nutrient management practices. Besides fresh fruit bunch (FFB) and crude palm oil (CPO) yields, and associated profit, we measured plant growth, nutrient accumulation, and radiation capture over time to understand the physiological factors associated with variation in yield.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS

Implementation of BMP led to increased annual FFB yield by ca. 40 % with 1.2 t ha⁻¹ more CPO yield. Profit was 20 % greater in BMP than in REF fields. Higher yield in BMPs was associated with higher nutrient accumulation, dry matter production, and partitioning to fruit bunches. The magnitude of FFB yield increase due to BMP depended upon initial yield and degree of BMP adoption, but not the planting material.

SIGNIFICANCE

Adoption of BMPs by smallholder oil palm producers in Indonesia would increase both their yield and profit. This would bring prosperity at the local and national level through increased income for rural producers and increased total production of oil without the need to clear new forest areas.

Abstract Image

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通过改进农艺技术提高小农油棕田的产量和利润

棕榈油生产是世界上主要棕榈油生产国印度尼西亚数百万小农的主要收入来源。然而，小农的产量相对于可达到的产量来说是低的。采用更好的管理实践（BMPs）作为提高产量和利润的方法受到的关注不如认证和重新种植计划。目的评价BMP对印尼小农产量和利润的影响以及相关的生理和农艺因素。方法对印度尼西亚5个省30个配对农田进行为期4年的BMP与农民参考管理（REF）对比研究。BMP处理包括改进收成、杂草、土壤和养分管理措施。除了新鲜果束（FFB）和粗棕榈油（CPO）产量及其相关利润外，我们还测量了植物生长、养分积累和辐射捕获随时间的变化，以了解与产量变化相关的生理因素。结果与结论BMP的实施使每年的FFB产量增加了约40%，CPO产量增加了1.2 t /−1。BMP领域的利润比REF领域高出20%。BMPs的高产量与较高的养分积累、干物质生产和果串分配有关。BMP对小叶树产量的影响取决于初始产量和BMP的采用程度，而与种植材料无关。印度尼西亚小农油棕生产商采用bmp将增加产量和利润。这将通过增加农村生产者的收入和增加石油总产量，在地方和国家一级带来繁荣，而不需要砍伐新的森林地区。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Agricultural Systems 农林科学-农业综合

CiteScore

13.30

自引率

7.60%

发文量

174

审稿时长

30 days

期刊介绍： Agricultural Systems is an international journal that deals with interactions - among the components of agricultural systems, among hierarchical levels of agricultural systems, between agricultural and other land use systems, and between agricultural systems and their natural, social and economic environments. The scope includes the development and application of systems analysis methodologies in the following areas: Systems approaches in the sustainable intensification of agriculture; pathways for sustainable intensification; crop-livestock integration; farm-level resource allocation; quantification of benefits and trade-offs at farm to landscape levels; integrative, participatory and dynamic modelling approaches for qualitative and quantitative assessments of agricultural systems and decision making; The interactions between agricultural and non-agricultural landscapes; the multiple services of agricultural systems; food security and the environment; Global change and adaptation science; transformational adaptations as driven by changes in climate, policy, values and attitudes influencing the design of farming systems; Development and application of farming systems design tools and methods for impact, scenario and case study analysis; managing the complexities of dynamic agricultural systems; innovation systems and multi stakeholder arrangements that support or promote change and (or) inform policy decisions.