Distribution dynamics and health risks of polyaromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals in the anthropogenically impacted Omi-Asoro Stream, Nigeria

IF 3.4 2区 地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS
Adebanjo Jacob Anifowose , Gideon Temitope Arowosaye , Oluwaseyi Esther Adaramodu , Esther Oluwaponmile Akintola , Jesufunmilayo Abosede Otunniya , Adedoyin Demilade Makinde , Tesleem Olalekan Kolawole , Shola Hezekiah Awojide
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Abstract

The study carried out concerted analytical measurements of twenty polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and eighteen heavy metals in the Omi-Asoro Stream, Ilesa, Nigeria to unravel their sources and the impacts of anthropogenic activities around it. Samples from the stream water were collected in March 2023. The resident PAHs were subjected to solid-phase extraction (SPE) and analyzed on a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. The acid-extracted heavy metals were also analyzed with an inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). Results showed that naphthalene (6.00 ± 7.79 μg/L) and fluoranthene (2.99 ± 4.24 μg/L) were the two dominant PAHs in the stream water. Similarly, Fe and Zn, with concentrations (μg/L) of 1291 ± 2361 and 53.1 ± 89.3, respectively, were the dominant heavy metals. Fe concentration constituted 84.4% of the total heavy metals in the water. Using principal component analysis (PCA), the PAH sources were traced to internal combustion engines, biomass burning, and pesticides/wood preservatives. The heavy metal sources were resolved to internal combustion of engines, metallic wear/rust, electronic devices, geogenic releases and agrochemicals. The risk assessment showed that among the detected PAHs, benzo(a)pyrene constituted a carcinogenic effect on humans. The heavy metals which posed carcinogenic effects included As, Ni, Cd and Cr. Thus, the industrial and agricultural activities, as well as emissions from the internal combustion of engines in the area released the environmental pollutants which adversely impacted the stream.

Abstract Image

该研究对尼日利亚Ilesa的Omi-Asoro溪流中的20种多芳烃(PAHs)和18种重金属进行了协调一致的分析测量,以揭示其来源及其周围人为活动的影响。溪水样本于2023年3月采集。采用固相萃取法(SPE)和气相色谱-质谱联用仪对其中的多环芳烃进行分析。用电感耦合等离子体光学发射光谱仪(ICP-OES)对酸提重金属进行了分析。结果表明,萘(6.00±7.79 μg/L)和荧光蒽(2.99±4.24 μg/L)是河流水体中主要的多环芳烃。Fe和Zn的浓度(μg/L)分别为1291±2361和53.1±89.3。铁含量占水体重金属总量的84.4%。利用主成分分析(PCA),多环芳烃的来源被追溯到内燃机、生物质燃烧和杀虫剂/木材防腐剂。重金属的来源被确定为发动机内燃、金属磨损/生锈、电子设备、地质释放和农用化学品。风险评估结果显示,在检测到的多环芳烃中,苯并(a)芘对人体具有致癌作用。具有致癌作用的重金属包括As、Ni、Cd和Cr。因此,该地区的工农业活动以及发动机内燃机排放释放的环境污染物对河流产生了不利影响。
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来源期刊
Journal of Geochemical Exploration
Journal of Geochemical Exploration 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
7.70%
发文量
148
审稿时长
8.1 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Geochemical Exploration is mostly dedicated to publication of original studies in exploration and environmental geochemistry and related topics. Contributions considered of prevalent interest for the journal include researches based on the application of innovative methods to: define the genesis and the evolution of mineral deposits including transfer of elements in large-scale mineralized areas. analyze complex systems at the boundaries between bio-geochemistry, metal transport and mineral accumulation. evaluate effects of historical mining activities on the surface environment. trace pollutant sources and define their fate and transport models in the near-surface and surface environments involving solid, fluid and aerial matrices. assess and quantify natural and technogenic radioactivity in the environment. determine geochemical anomalies and set baseline reference values using compositional data analysis, multivariate statistics and geo-spatial analysis. assess the impacts of anthropogenic contamination on ecosystems and human health at local and regional scale to prioritize and classify risks through deterministic and stochastic approaches. Papers dedicated to the presentation of newly developed methods in analytical geochemistry to be applied in the field or in laboratory are also within the topics of interest for the journal.
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