Comparison of antigen-specific B cell responses reveals disparity in immunogenicity and memory B cell formation across COVID-19 vaccine platforms

hLife Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI:10.1016/j.hlife.2024.09.002
Chang Guo , Xin Chai , Maidaiti Baerlike , Yingping Liu , Yao Wang , Fei Shao , Qingrui Huang , Weiguo Zhang , Shan Cen , Yijie Dong , Yunlong Cao , Jinghua Yan , Xuyu Zhou , Zhaolin Hua , Baidong Hou
{"title":"Comparison of antigen-specific B cell responses reveals disparity in immunogenicity and memory B cell formation across COVID-19 vaccine platforms","authors":"Chang Guo ,&nbsp;Xin Chai ,&nbsp;Maidaiti Baerlike ,&nbsp;Yingping Liu ,&nbsp;Yao Wang ,&nbsp;Fei Shao ,&nbsp;Qingrui Huang ,&nbsp;Weiguo Zhang ,&nbsp;Shan Cen ,&nbsp;Yijie Dong ,&nbsp;Yunlong Cao ,&nbsp;Jinghua Yan ,&nbsp;Xuyu Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhaolin Hua ,&nbsp;Baidong Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.hlife.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Various vaccine technologies have been employed in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines, including whole inactivated virus (WIV), recombinant protein, mRNA, and nanoparticle vaccines. To elucidate the cellular mechanisms underlying the immune responses elicited by different vaccines, we examined and compared antigen-specific B cell responses targeting the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the viral spike protein. We found that the nanoparticle vaccine pathogen-like antigens-RBD (PLA-RBD) and the mRNA vaccine demonstrated superior immunogenicity compared with the WIV vaccine and the RBD-dimer, a recombinant protein vaccine. Interestingly, the WIV vaccine contains toll-like receptor ligands that enhance IgG2a/c class-switching. For the mRNA vaccine, although it induces robust germinal center responses and T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, it has limited ability to induce memory B cells and long-lived plasma cells. These results indicate that vaccine formats significantly influence both the quantity and quality of immune responses, providing valuable insights for the future development of vaccines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100609,"journal":{"name":"hLife","volume":"2 12","pages":"Pages 625-640"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"hLife","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949928324000804","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Various vaccine technologies have been employed in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines, including whole inactivated virus (WIV), recombinant protein, mRNA, and nanoparticle vaccines. To elucidate the cellular mechanisms underlying the immune responses elicited by different vaccines, we examined and compared antigen-specific B cell responses targeting the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the viral spike protein. We found that the nanoparticle vaccine pathogen-like antigens-RBD (PLA-RBD) and the mRNA vaccine demonstrated superior immunogenicity compared with the WIV vaccine and the RBD-dimer, a recombinant protein vaccine. Interestingly, the WIV vaccine contains toll-like receptor ligands that enhance IgG2a/c class-switching. For the mRNA vaccine, although it induces robust germinal center responses and T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, it has limited ability to induce memory B cells and long-lived plasma cells. These results indicate that vaccine formats significantly influence both the quantity and quality of immune responses, providing valuable insights for the future development of vaccines.

Abstract Image

抗原特异性B细胞反应的比较揭示了不同疫苗平台在免疫原性和记忆性B细胞形成方面的差异
2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)疫苗采用了多种疫苗技术,包括全灭活病毒(WIV)疫苗、重组蛋白疫苗、mRNA疫苗和纳米颗粒疫苗。为了阐明不同疫苗引起的免疫应答的细胞机制,我们检测并比较了针对病毒刺突蛋白受体结合域(RBD)的抗原特异性B细胞应答。我们发现,与WIV疫苗和重组蛋白疫苗rbd -二聚体相比,纳米颗粒疫苗病原体样抗原- rbd (PLA-RBD)和mRNA疫苗表现出更好的免疫原性。有趣的是,WIV疫苗含有toll样受体配体,可增强IgG2a/c类转换。mRNA疫苗虽然能诱导生发中心反应和T滤泡辅助细胞(Tfh),但诱导记忆性B细胞和长寿命浆细胞的能力有限。这些结果表明,疫苗格式显著影响免疫反应的数量和质量,为未来疫苗的开发提供了有价值的见解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信