The clinical impact and management of premenstrual syndrome

Abstract

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a condition characterized by psychological, physical and behavioural symptoms occurring in the luteal phase of the normal menstrual cycle but resolves shortly after menstruation. Around 40% of women experience symptoms of PMS and of these 5–8% suffer from severe PMS including premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), a debilitating condition with severe emotional and physical symptoms and functional impairment. Premenstrual syndrome is effectively related to hormonal changes in the menstrual cycle, supported by the absence of PMS prior to puberty, during pregnancy, and after the menopause. Diagnosis is aided by reviewing symptoms in the Daily Record of Severity of Problems (DRSP) questionnaire. Management is centred around lifestyle modifications, cognitive behavioural therapy and pharmacological treatment. This article is a review of the clinical impact of premenstrual syndrome and its management strategies.