Feeding of partially hydrogenated fish oils to rats in comparison with partially hydrogenated soybean oil and refined rapeseed oil: a combined chronic oral toxicity and carcinogenicity study with in utero phase.

I F Duthie, S M Barlow, R Ashby, J M Tesh, J C Whitney, A Saunders, E Chapman, K R Norum, H Svaar, J Opstvedt
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Abstract

Partially hydrogenated fish oils (PHFO) have been widely used in human food products for many years, particularly in Europe, North and South America and in South Africa. Animal studies, mainly with rapeseed oil, suggested that erucic acid might be responsible for morphological changes in the myocardium. It was suggested that other members of the docosenoic (22:1) family of fatty acids might produce similar effects to those ascribed to erucic acid. Certain PHFO can contain relatively high levels of these other isomers. Thus it was decided to evaluate PHFO of differing 22:1 levels in comparison with partially hydrogenated soybean oil (PHSBO) and refined rapeseed oil (LEAR) in a rat life span study, preceded by a breeding period in which the experimental lipids were fed to male and female parents. Two commercially produced PHFO were selected to represent the lower (PHFO-L) and upper (PHFO-U) range of 22:1 contents, 4.3 and 13.8%, respectively. A third test oil was prepared from a 50:50 blend of these (PHFO-M) to provide and intermediary 22:1 level. The control PHSBO and LEAR contained 0 and 1.0% 22:1, respectively. These experimental oils were included in semi-purified diets at 8 and 16%, respectively, in the breeding and life span periods of the study, together with 4% of oil mixtures providing essential fatty acids (EFA). Specific pathogen free (SPF). Wistar weanling rats, 200 of each sex, provided the subjects for the breeding period. Sufficient numbers of offspring were obtained in suitable condition from each treatment group to allow selection of a total of 555 weanlings for allocation to the five dietary treatments of the life span period of the study. For the life span period of the study, which was terminated after 107 to 110 weeks of treatment, 50 subjects were allocated to each of the PHSBO, PHFO-L and PHFO-U dietary groups, and 50 males to each of the LEAR and PHFO-M groups. The remaining subjects were allocated to sub-groups for sacrifice four days or 26 weeks after introduction of the life span period diets. All life span group subjects were weighed and had their food intakes recorded, and were subjected to clinical examination, routinely. At designated stages, ophthalmoscopic examination of all subjects was carried out, and samples of blood and urine were obtained from sub-groups for laboratory analysis. All decedent and terminated life span group subjects were subjected to post mortem examination, with weighing of 16 organs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

部分氢化鱼油饲喂大鼠与部分氢化大豆油和精制菜籽油的比较:子宫期慢性口服毒性和致癌性联合研究
部分氢化鱼油(PHFO)已在人类食品中广泛应用多年,特别是在欧洲、北美、南美和南非。以菜籽油为主的动物实验表明,芥酸可能与心肌的形态学改变有关。据推测,二十二酚(22:1)脂肪酸家族的其他成员可能会产生与芥酸相似的作用。某些PHFO可能含有相对较高水平的这些其他异构体。因此,决定在大鼠寿命研究中比较不同22:1水平的PHFO与部分氢化大豆油(PHSBO)和精制菜籽油(LEAR),并在繁殖期之前将实验脂质喂给雄性和雌性父母。选取两种市售PHFO分别代表含量22:1、4.3%和13.8%的下限(PHFO- l)和上限(PHFO- u)。第三种测试油由这些(PHFO-M)的50:50混合制备,提供22:1的中间水平。对照PHSBO和LEAR含量分别为0和1.0% 22:1。在研究的繁殖期和寿命期,这些实验油分别以8%和16%的比例加入半纯化饲料,同时在4%的油混合物中提供必需脂肪酸(EFA)。SPF (Specific pathogen free)。Wistar断奶大鼠各200只,作为繁殖期的实验对象。在适宜的条件下,从每个处理组获得足够数量的幼崽,选择555只断奶仔猪,分配到研究生命周期的5种饲粮处理中。在治疗107 ~ 110周后结束的研究生命周期内,将50名受试者分配到PHSBO、PHFO-L和PHFO-U饮食组,LEAR和PHFO-M饮食组各50名男性。其余受试者被分配到亚组,在引入寿命期饮食后4天或26周牺牲。所有生命周期组的受试者均称重并记录其食物摄入量,并接受常规临床检查。在指定的阶段,对所有受试者进行镜下检查,并从亚组中抽取血液和尿液样本进行实验室分析。所有死亡和终止寿命组受试者均进行尸检,称重16个器官。(摘要删节为400字)
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