The Topographic Relationships and Geographic Distribution of Prevascular Vitreous Fissures and Cisterns Assessed by Ultrawidefield En Face Vitreous Images

IF 3.2 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Ophthalmology science Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI:10.1016/j.xops.2024.100660

Fei Deng MD, Mengying Tao MD, Yanjie Zhu MD, Xiaoyu Xu MD, Yue Wu MD, Lisha Li, Ying Lin MD, PhD, Yan Luo MD, PhD

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Abstract

Purpose

To determine the topographic relationships and geographic distribution of prevascular vitreous fissures (PVFs) and cisterns across the entire posterior vitreous membrane in healthy subjects, using ultrawidefield en face and cross-sectional swept-source OCT (SS-OCT) images.

Design

Observational cross-sectional study.

Participants

Ninety-six eyes of 96 healthy participants (age range, 20–49 years) without posterior vitreous detachment.

Methods

For each eye, a 29 × 24-mm SS-OCT volume scan was obtained, along with standardized horizontal and vertical scans through the fovea.

Main Outcome Measures

Ultrawidefield en face and cross-sectional images were analyzed to assess the topographic relationships and geographic distribution of PVFs and cisterns in the posterior vitreous.

Results

En face imaging readily distinguished various preretinal liquefaction spaces throughout the posterior vitreous, extending to near the equator. Aside from the posterior precortical vitreous pocket (PPVP) and the area of Martegiani, all preretinal liquefied fissures and cisterns were distributed along superficial retinal vessels, suggesting they originated from prevascular vitreous liquefaction. In 96 eyes of healthy young and middle-aged adults, PVFs were identified in all participants, presenting a continuous course. Cisterns were detected in 79 eyes (82.3%) and were distributed as follows: superotemporal (91.1%), infratemporal (63.3%), supranasal (41.8%), and inferonasal (22.8%), respectively. The superotemporal cistern was most frequently observed (P < 0.001), and cisterns were more likely to involve multiple quadrants with age (P = 0.005). Additionally, all preretinal liquefaction spaces, including the PPVP, PVFs, and cisterns, were consistently located overlying the vitreoretinal tightly adhered regions.

Conclusions

Ultrawidefield en face vitreous imaging in healthy young and middle-aged adults revealed that (1) PVFs distributed along superficial retinal vessels with continuous course; (2) cisterns may develop from PVFs and are more common in the superotemporal quadrant; (3) cisterns appear early in life and become more widespread with age; (4) preretinal vitreous liquefaction follows a stereotypic pattern, aligning along regions of firm vitreoretinal adhesion.

Financial Disclosure(s)

Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.

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超宽视场玻璃体正面图像评估血管前玻璃体裂隙和池的地形关系和地理分布

目的利用超宽视场和横断面扫描源OCT （SS-OCT）图像，确定健康受试者整个玻璃体后膜上血管前玻璃体裂隙（PVFs）和池的地形关系和地理分布。设计：观察性横断面研究。96名健康受试者96只眼（年龄范围20-49岁），无玻璃体后脱离。方法对每只眼进行29 × 24 mm的SS-OCT体积扫描，并通过中央凹进行标准化的水平和垂直扫描。主要观察结果：分析宽视场正面和横断面图像，以评估后玻璃体内pvf和池的地形关系和地理分布。结果在整个后玻璃体中，sen面部成像很容易识别出各种视网膜前液化空间，并延伸到赤道附近。除皮质前玻璃体后袋（PPVP）和Martegiani区外，所有视网膜前液化裂隙和池均沿视网膜浅表血管分布，提示其起源于血管前玻璃体液化。在96名健康青年和中年人的眼睛中，所有参与者都发现了PVFs，并呈现连续的病程。79只眼（82.3%）检出池，分布如下：颞上（91.1%）、颞下（63.3%）、鼻上（41.8%）、鼻间（22.8%）。颞上池是最常被观察到的(P <；0.001)，随着年龄的增长，蓄水池更可能涉及多个象限（P = 0.005）。此外，所有视网膜前液化空间，包括PPVP、PVFs和池，都一致位于玻璃体视网膜紧密粘附区域的上方。结论健康中青年体表玻璃体超宽视野成像显示：(1)PVFs沿视网膜浅表血管呈连续分布；(2)池可能由PVFs发展而来，在颞上象限更常见；(3)蓄水池在生命早期出现，并随着年龄的增长而变得更加普遍；(4)视网膜前玻璃体液化遵循刻板模式，沿玻璃体视网膜粘连区域排列。财务披露专有或商业披露可在本文末尾的脚注和披露中找到。

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