An Escin-loaded Glutaraldehyde-Albumin nanoparticle system for enhancing anticancer activity on lung cancer A549 cells

IF 2.5 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Results in Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102021

Murugan Alwarkurichi Munusamy , Muruganantham Bharathi , Abdurahman Hajinur Hirad , Abdullah A. Alarfaj , Samer Hasan Hussein-Al-Ali , Shobana Sampath , Ali Kudumba

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Abstract

The study focuses on synthesizing, characterizing, and evaluating escin-loaded glutaraldehyde-albumin nanoparticles (NPs) against lung cancer A549 cells. The NPs were characterized using various methods, including UV–visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence, XRD, DLS, and TEM and SEM analyses. The cytotoxic effects of the NPs were evaluated using the WST-1 assay against A549 cells, and the expression of apoptotic proteins and oxidative stress markers was measured. The NPs were validated through FT-IR and DLS studies, and the WST-1 assay results showed that the synthesized albumin-escin NPs effectively inhibited A549 cells, induced apoptosis, and increased ATPase activity, and LDH enzyme release. The expression of apoptotic proteins and oxidative markers increased, while antiapoptotic protein and antioxidant levels were reduced in the albumin-Escin NPs-treated A549 cells. The study suggests that albumin-escin NPs have the potential as a promising anticancer agent against lung cancer by decreasing cell viability and promoting apoptosis.

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