A numerical investigation into the application of thermosyphons for preventing the freezing of water meters, utilizing pure water and different nanofluids

Abstract

The study demonstrates that integrating thermosyphon systems with nanofluids significantly enhances the thermal efficiency of water meters in cold climates, effectively preventing freezing. A detailed numerical investigation revealed that nanofluids, such as alumina, copper oxide, and silver, outperform conventional fluids like pure water in heat transfer capabilities. The simulations showed that these nanofluids possess superior thermal conductivity and convective heat transfer properties, essential for maintaining temperatures above freezing in meter chambers. The research validated the numerical model against experimental data, confirming the effectiveness of the Volume of Fluid (VOF) approach for simulating two-phase fluid dynamics. Results indicated that increasing nanoparticle concentration directly affects heat flux and thermal performance, with higher concentrations leading to improved heat transfer rates and overall system efficiency.