Study on the effect of tempering temperature on the properties of Cr-Mo steel in high-pressure gaseous hydrogen

IF 3 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI:10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105449

Zhenquan Zhang, Kai Ma, Ruiming Zhang, Jiangchuan Hu, Wenzhu Peng

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Abstract

Quenched and tempered Cr-Mo steel is commonly used in the construction of seamless hydrogen storage vessels. The resistance of such material to hydrogen embrittlement is significantly influenced by its strength and microstructure, both of which are closely related to the tempering temperature during heat treatment. Thus, optimizing the tempering temperature can potentially enhance the performance of Cr-Mo steel in high-pressure gaseous hydrogen and extend the fatigue life of seamless hydrogen storage vessels. In this study, seamless hydrogen storage vessels designed for a pressure of 50 MPa were tempered at temperatures ranging from 580 °C to 660 °C. Specimens sampled from these vessels were subjected to fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) tests and threshold stress intensity factor for hydrogen-assisted cracking (K_IH) tests in 50 MPa gaseous hydrogen, and hydrogen permeation tests were also conducted. Additionally, a fatigue life analysis of the vessels was performed using the fracture mechanics method based on the test results of Cr-Mo steel. The results indicate that increasing tempering temperature reduces the FCGR and improves K_IH of Cr-Mo steel in high-pressure gaseous hydrogen, thereby extending the fatigue life of seamless hydrogen storage vessels. Simultaneously, the increase in tempering temperature leads to a greater quantity and more dispersed distribution of precipitated carbides. These carbides, serving as irreversible hydrogen traps, effectively hinder the diffusion of hydrogen atoms, which is a key factor contributing to the enhanced resistance of Cr-Mo steel to hydrogen embrittlement with higher tempering temperatures.

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来源期刊

International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 工程技术-工程：机械

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

13.30%

发文量

208

审稿时长

17 months

期刊介绍： Pressure vessel engineering technology is of importance in many branches of industry. This journal publishes the latest research results and related information on all its associated aspects, with particular emphasis on the structural integrity assessment, maintenance and life extension of pressurised process engineering plants. The anticipated coverage of the International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping ranges from simple mass-produced pressure vessels to large custom-built vessels and tanks. Pressure vessels technology is a developing field, and contributions on the following topics will therefore be welcome: • Pressure vessel engineering • Structural integrity assessment • Design methods • Codes and standards • Fabrication and welding • Materials properties requirements • Inspection and quality management • Maintenance and life extension • Ageing and environmental effects • Life management Of particular importance are papers covering aspects of significant practical application which could lead to major improvements in economy, reliability and useful life. While most accepted papers represent the results of original applied research, critical reviews of topical interest by world-leading experts will also appear from time to time. International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping is indispensable reading for engineering professionals involved in the energy, petrochemicals, process plant, transport, aerospace and related industries; for manufacturers of pressure vessels and ancillary equipment; and for academics pursuing research in these areas.