Advancing lithium battery safety: Introducing a composite phase change material with anti-leakage and fire-resistant properties

IF 15 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Etransportation Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.etran.2024.100387

Xinxi Li , Wensheng Yang , Likun Yin , Shuangyi Zhang , Yuhang Wu , Ya Mao , Wei Jia , Di Wu , Kai Chen , Lifan Yuan , Xiaoyu Zhou , Canbing Li

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The thermal safety of batteries has still existed challenge in energy-storage power stations and electric vehicles. Composite phase change material (CPCM) as a passive cooling system has great potential in the application of controlling an uneven temperature distribution, but its high flammability and susceptibility to leakage severely restrict its widespread adoption, especially in battery packs for electric vehicles and energy storage. Herein, an innovative paraffin/expanded graphite/[Ca(polyethylene glycol)₂]Cl₂ coordination polymer/triphenyl phosphate (TPP)/hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene (HPCP) flame retardant multifunctional CPCM (PPCTH) has been introduced and utilized in battery module for thermal management and preventing thermal runaway. PPCTH2 has contained TPP/HPCP with the proportion of 1:1 which provides a multifunctional CPCM with excellent antileakage properties, high thermal conductivity, superior flame-retardant ability, the PPCTH2 exhibits excellent shape stability without collapsing at 200 °C. Moreover, the total heat release and smoke production of PPCTH2 are 108.8 MJ/m² and 8.4 m², respectively. Additionally, the prismatic battery module endowed with PPCTH2 can maintain the maximum temperature below 50 °C and balance the temperature difference within 4.2 °C at a 2 C discharge rate. Thus, the battery module with PPCTH2 can not only improve the temperature consistency even during long cycling processes but also lengthen the temperature rising time and decrease heat accumulation, further suppressing thermal runaway. Overall, this research presents a multifunctional CPCM with high fire resistance and shape stability, which may contribute to the research and design of improved thermal safety for battery packs and energy-storage units.

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提高锂电池的安全性：引入具有防漏、防火性能的复合相变材料

在储能电站和电动汽车中，电池的热安全性仍然存在着挑战。复合相变材料（CPCM）作为一种被动冷却系统在控制温度不均匀分布方面具有很大的应用潜力，但其高可燃性和易泄漏严重限制了其在电动汽车电池组和储能领域的广泛应用。本文介绍了一种新型的石蜡/膨胀石墨/[Ca（聚乙二醇）2]Cl2配位聚合物/磷酸三苯酯(TPP)/六苯氧环三磷腈（HPCP）阻燃剂多功能CPCM (PPCTH)，并将其用于电池模块的热管理和防止热失控。PPCTH2中TPP/HPCP的比例为1:1，是一种具有优异的防泄漏性能、高导热性和阻燃性能的多功能CPCM，在200℃下具有优异的形状稳定性和不坍缩性。PPCTH2的总放热量和总产烟量分别为108.8 MJ/m2和8.4 m2。此外，赋予PPCTH2的柱状电池模块可以在2 C放电速率下将最高温度维持在50℃以下，并在4.2℃内平衡温差。因此，使用PPCTH2的电池模块不仅可以在长周期循环过程中提高温度一致性，还可以延长升温时间，减少热量积累，进一步抑制热失控。总的来说，本研究提出了一种具有高耐火性和形状稳定性的多功能CPCM，这可能有助于研究和设计提高电池组和储能单元的热安全性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Etransportation Engineering-Automotive Engineering

CiteScore

19.80

自引率

12.60%

发文量

审稿时长

39 days

期刊介绍： eTransportation is a scholarly journal that aims to advance knowledge in the field of electric transportation. It focuses on all modes of transportation that utilize electricity as their primary source of energy, including electric vehicles, trains, ships, and aircraft. The journal covers all stages of research, development, and testing of new technologies, systems, and devices related to electrical transportation. The journal welcomes the use of simulation and analysis tools at the system, transport, or device level. Its primary emphasis is on the study of the electrical and electronic aspects of transportation systems. However, it also considers research on mechanical parts or subsystems of vehicles if there is a clear interaction with electrical or electronic equipment. Please note that this journal excludes other aspects such as sociological, political, regulatory, or environmental factors from its scope.