An effect of waste discharge concentration and electromagnetic field on chemically reactive Bingham fluid flow with the analysis entropy generation and mass transfer

Abstract

In modern days, proper waste fluid disposal is important in different industries and ecological systems. The present article aims to prevent and resolve pollution in the fluids supply. Implementing advanced treatment processes, such as filtration, sedimentation, and chemical treatment, can help in reducing the concentration of pollutants in waste discharge, and we can use Bingham fluids in industries to manage the flow of waste materials, ensuring that pollutants are contained and treated effectively before discharge. The article investigates the impact of pollutant discharge concentration on the movement of non-Newtonian Bingham hybrid nanofluids across permeable expanding surfaces, taking into account the influence of electromagnetic field, Joule heating, and chemical reaction effects. There is a lack of study on electromagnetic and Joule heating effects on chemically reactive hybrid nanofluids with energy and mass transfer, authors utilized the research gap. Heat source/sink effects were added to the temperature equation, to understand the irreversibility of processes functionality authors studied the entropy generation analysis, partial differential equations are calculated into ordinary differential solutions by similarity variables after that, they are calculated by using the shooting method. Outcomes reveal that increasing the magnetic field decreases the velocity, increasing the external source difference factor and external pollutant term increases the concentration of the fluid movement, upsurging the thermal radiation parameter upsurges the temperature and entropy generation, increasing the porosity parameter decreases the velocity of the fluid flow, increasing the Bingham parameter decreases the velocity of the fluid flow which are used in processes involving slurries, pastes, and other materials that require controlled flow under specific stress conditions.