Study on the transformation of diamond into graphene through high-temperature annealing

IF 5.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS

Ceramics International Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.11.279

Xiaogang Li , Xueyu Zhang , Ying Ren , Nicolas Wöhrl , Wei Lv , Honglin Wang , Zhengxin Li

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The carbon allotropes, diamond and graphene, possess distinctly properties that can be effectively harnessed by combining them into a graphene-diamond composite structure. However, the growth mechanisms of graphene or solid carbon source graphite from surface graphitization of diamond remains poorly understood. In this study, the graphene growth directly out of polycrystalline diamond by employing high-temperature annealing with Cu as a catalyst. After annealing at 1100 °C for 15–30 min, the resulting surface film layer exhibited typical features of graphene in Raman spectra. I_2D/I_G values of 0.61 and 0.63 were observed, respectively, indicating that a graphene layer count exceeding four. Furthermore, the parallel growth of graphene on diamond surface was successfully observed using TEM. Reconstruction of two different types of graphene-diamond composite structures, constructed from lamellar and sp³ and sp² bonds, is comprehensively elucidated. These structures are expected to synergistically combine the ultra-hard characteristics of diamond with the high fracture toughness and ductility of graphene.

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来源期刊

Ceramics International 工程技术-材料科学：硅酸盐

CiteScore

9.40

自引率

15.40%

发文量

4558

审稿时长

25 days

期刊介绍： Ceramics International covers the science of advanced ceramic materials. The journal encourages contributions that demonstrate how an understanding of the basic chemical and physical phenomena may direct materials design and stimulate ideas for new or improved processing techniques, in order to obtain materials with desired structural features and properties. Ceramics International covers oxide and non-oxide ceramics, functional glasses, glass ceramics, amorphous inorganic non-metallic materials (and their combinations with metal and organic materials), in the form of particulates, dense or porous bodies, thin/thick films and laminated, graded and composite structures. Process related topics such as ceramic-ceramic joints or joining ceramics with dissimilar materials, as well as surface finishing and conditioning are also covered. Besides traditional processing techniques, manufacturing routes of interest include innovative procedures benefiting from externally applied stresses, electromagnetic fields and energetic beams, as well as top-down and self-assembly nanotechnology approaches. In addition, the journal welcomes submissions on bio-inspired and bio-enabled materials designs, experimentally validated multi scale modelling and simulation for materials design, and the use of the most advanced chemical and physical characterization techniques of structure, properties and behaviour. Technologically relevant low-dimensional systems are a particular focus of Ceramics International. These include 0, 1 and 2-D nanomaterials (also covering CNTs, graphene and related materials, and diamond-like carbons), their nanocomposites, as well as nano-hybrids and hierarchical multifunctional nanostructures that might integrate molecular, biological and electronic components.