Long-term variability of the low-level clouds across Indo-Gangetic Plain

IF 1.9 4区地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI:10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2024.101521

Krishna Kumar Shukla , Gajendra Kumar , Chander Singh Tomar , Raju Attada , Kondapalli Niranjan Kumar , Anoop Kumar Mishra

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study examines the long-term variability (1980–2022) of low-level clouds and their base heights using cloud observations from India Meteorological Department (IMD) over the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) crucial for aviation. For this purpose, synoptic cloud observation data, coded as per World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) standards, were collected every three hours from four weather stations of IMD namely Amritsar, Delhi, Lucknow, and Patna. Highest prevalence of cloud types namely Stratus (St), Stratocumulus (Sc), Cumulus (Cu), and Cumulonimbus (Cb) was observed during monsoon than pre-monsoon. We have reported the occurrence of Cb clouds during monsoon in the range of 20–50 %. Sc clouds show diurnal variation, peaking at 00, 03 UTC, and 15, 18, and 21 UTC. Cu and Cb clouds exhibit maxima in the afternoon during pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons, possibly due to the diurnal cycle of the atmospheric boundary layer height variations. Monsoon cases surpass pre-monsoon at all IGP sites. Notably, Cb with CBH 600–1000 m causes maximum rainfall during monsoon, and predominant Cb base heights are 600–1000 m, 1000–1500 m, and 1500–2000m across decades.

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来源期刊

Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans 地学-地球化学与地球物理

CiteScore

3.10

自引率

5.90%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans is an international journal for research related to the dynamical and physical processes governing atmospheres, oceans and climate. Authors are invited to submit articles, short contributions or scholarly reviews in the following areas: •Dynamic meteorology •Physical oceanography •Geophysical fluid dynamics •Climate variability and climate change •Atmosphere-ocean-biosphere-cryosphere interactions •Prediction and predictability •Scale interactions Papers of theoretical, computational, experimental and observational investigations are invited, particularly those that explore the fundamental nature - or bring together the interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary aspects - of dynamical and physical processes at all scales. Papers that explore air-sea interactions and the coupling between atmospheres, oceans, and other components of the climate system are particularly welcome.