Sanitary ware waste in eco-friendly Portland blended cement: Potential use as supplementary cementitious material

CEMENT Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI:10.1016/j.cement.2024.100126

Vitor Affonso Lopes Silveira, Domingos Sávio de Resende, Augusto Cesar da Silva Bezerra

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Abstract

The sanitary ware industry led to significant waste generation with a long biodegradation period. To produce eco-friendly Portland blended cement, partial Portland cement (PC) substitution is proposed, reducing clinker consumption and mitigating adverse environmental impacts. This paper assessed the pozzolanic activity and the filler effect of clay-based sanitary ware waste (CSW) to study its feasibility of reutilization as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM). After being collected, the samples underwent a preparation process consisting of drying and sieving. The waste replaced 0 to 25 wt% PC. The CSW powder was characterized by laser diffraction granulometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The pozzolanic activity was assessed by compressive strength test, isothermal calorimetry, and electrical conductivity. Durability was considered by acid attack, and the hardened mortar proprieties were shown. The utilization of CSW blended with PC is feasible for producing eco-friendly binders.

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环保波特兰混合水泥中的卫生洁具废弃物：作为补充胶凝材料的潜在用途

卫生洁具行业产生了大量的废物，生物降解周期长。为了生产环保型硅酸盐水泥，提出了部分硅酸盐水泥（PC）替代品，减少熟料消耗，减轻对环境的不利影响。通过对粘土基卫生洁具废弃物（CSW）的火山灰活性和填充效果进行评价，研究其作为补充胶凝材料（SCM）回用的可行性。样品收集后，经过干燥和筛分的制备过程。废液取代了0 ~ 25%的PC。采用激光衍射粒度测定、x射线衍射（XRD）、x射线荧光和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对粉末进行了表征。通过抗压强度试验、等温量热法和电导率法对火山灰活性进行了评价。通过酸侵蚀来考虑耐久性，并给出了硬化砂浆的性能。利用水煤浆与PC共混生产环保型粘结剂是可行的。

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