Planetary parks twenty years on. Balancing space protection with development

IF 2 4区 社会学 Q2 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Charles S. Cockell
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Abstract

With increasing activity in space by both national space agencies and private organizations, there is a renewed purpose in considering how to achieve the protection of certain regions of the extraterrestrial environment, yet allow for the commercial development of space to encourage a permanent human presence beyond Earth. This paper revisits the idea of planetary parks twenty years on. One advantage of this concept is that, like national parks on Earth, they can allow for the protection of land for many reasons including scientific value, aesthetic beauty, sites containing historical artefacts, and others. None of these motivations are mutually exclusive and they can be manifested to different degrees in different places. Planetary parks provide the flexibility to incorporate these motivations within a single framework. Outside planetary parks, land can be developed and transformed. Planetary parks offer a way to move beyond the generic notion of ‘planetary protection’ towards a more local targeted preservation mechanism, encouraging the emergence of a space environmental ethic in parallel with the objective of commercial space development.
二十年过去了。平衡空间保护与发展
随着国家空间机构和私人组织在空间的活动日益增多,考虑如何实现对地外环境某些区域的保护,同时允许对空间进行商业开发,以鼓励人类在地球以外永久存在,这是一个新的目标。本文回顾了二十年来行星公园的概念。这一概念的一个优点是,就像地球上的国家公园一样,它们可以出于多种原因保护土地,包括科学价值、美学价值、历史文物遗址等。这些动机都不是相互排斥的,它们可以在不同的地方以不同的程度表现出来。行星公园提供了将这些动机整合到一个单一框架中的灵活性。在行星公园之外,土地可以被开发和改造。行星公园提供了一种方法,可以超越“行星保护”的一般概念,转向更有针对性的地方保护机制,鼓励与商业空间开发目标并行的空间环境伦理的出现。
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来源期刊
Space Policy
Space Policy Multiple-
CiteScore
3.40
自引率
36.40%
发文量
40
期刊介绍: Space Policy is an international, interdisciplinary journal which draws on the fields of international relations, economics, history, aerospace studies, security studies, development studies, political science and ethics to provide discussion and analysis of space activities in their political, economic, industrial, legal, cultural and social contexts. Alongside full-length papers, which are subject to a double-blind peer review system, the journal publishes opinion pieces, case studies and short reports and, in so doing, it aims to provide a forum for the exchange of ideas and opinions and a means by which authors can alert policy makers and international organizations to their views. Space Policy is also a journal of record, reproducing, in whole or part, official documents such as treaties, space agency plans or government reports relevant to the space community. Views expressed in the journal are not necessarily those of the editors or members of the editorial board.
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